diff --git a/bin/console b/bin/console
index a4b912e..6e058a3 100755
--- a/bin/console
+++ b/bin/console
@@ -7,21 +7,21 @@
 
 declare(strict_types=1);
 
-use KTXC\Server;
+use KTXC\Application;
 
 if (!is_dir(dirname(__DIR__).'/vendor')) {
     fwrite(STDERR, "Dependencies are missing. Run 'composer install' first.\n");
     exit(1);
 }
 
-require_once dirname(__DIR__).'/vendor/autoload.php';
+$composerLoader = require_once dirname(__DIR__).'/vendor/autoload.php';
 
 try {
-    $server = new Server(dirname(__DIR__));
-    exit($server->runConsole());
+    $application = Application::create(dirname(__DIR__), $composerLoader);
+    exit($application->runConsole());
 } catch (\Throwable $e) {
     fwrite(STDERR, "Fatal error: {$e->getMessage()}\n");
-    if (isset($server) && $server->debug()) {
+    if (($application ?? null)?->debug()) {
         fwrite(STDERR, $e->getTraceAsString()."\n");
     }
     exit(1);
diff --git a/core/lib/Application.php b/core/lib/Application.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d6b6d8a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Application.php
@@ -0,0 +1,154 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC;
+
+use Composer\Autoload\ClassLoader;
+use KTXC\Application\KernelOptions;
+use KTXC\Application\ProjectPaths;
+use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
+use KTXC\Http\Response\Response;
+use KTXC\Module\ModuleAutoloader;
+use KTXC\Runtime\Console\ConsoleRuntime;
+use KTXC\Runtime\Http\HttpRuntime;
+use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
+
+final class Application
+{
+    private readonly ProjectPaths $paths;
+    private readonly array $config;
+    private readonly Kernel $kernel;
+    private readonly HttpRuntime $http;
+    private readonly ConsoleRuntime $console;
+
+    public function __construct(
+        string $projectDir,
+        ?ClassLoader $composerLoader = null,
+        ?string $environment = null,
+        ?bool $debug = null,
+    ) {
+        $this->paths = ProjectPaths::resolve($projectDir);
+        $this->config = $this->loadConfig();
+
+        $environment ??= $this->config['environment'] ?? 'prod';
+        $debug ??= (bool) ($this->config['debug'] ?? false);
+
+        $this->kernel = new Kernel(
+            new KernelOptions(
+                $this->paths,
+                $environment,
+                $debug,
+            ),
+            $this->config,
+        );
+
+        (new ModuleAutoloader(
+            $this->moduleDir(),
+            $composerLoader,
+        ))->register();
+
+        $this->http = new HttpRuntime($this->kernel, $debug);
+        $this->console = new ConsoleRuntime($this->kernel);
+    }
+
+    public static function create(
+        string $projectDir,
+        ?ClassLoader $composerLoader = null,
+        ?string $environment = null,
+        ?bool $debug = null,
+    ): self {
+        return new self($projectDir, $composerLoader, $environment, $debug);
+    }
+
+    public function runHttp(): void
+    {
+        try {
+            $this->http->run();
+        } finally {
+            $this->kernel->shutdown();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function handleHttp(Request $request): Response
+    {
+        return $this->http->handle($request);
+    }
+
+    public function runConsole(): int
+    {
+        try {
+            return $this->console->run();
+        } finally {
+            $this->kernel->shutdown();
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function shutdown(): void
+    {
+        $this->kernel->shutdown();
+    }
+
+    public function kernel(): KernelInterface
+    {
+        return $this->kernel;
+    }
+
+    public function container(): ContainerInterface
+    {
+        return $this->kernel->container();
+    }
+
+    public function environment(): string
+    {
+        return $this->kernel->environment();
+    }
+
+    public function debug(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->kernel->debug();
+    }
+
+    public function projectDir(): string
+    {
+        return $this->paths->project;
+    }
+
+    public function moduleDir(): string
+    {
+        return $this->paths->modules();
+    }
+
+    public function config(?string $key = null, mixed $default = null): mixed
+    {
+        if ($key === null) {
+            return $this->config;
+        }
+
+        $value = $this->config;
+        foreach (explode('.', $key) as $part) {
+            if (!is_array($value) || !array_key_exists($part, $value)) {
+                return $default;
+            }
+            $value = $value[$part];
+        }
+
+        return $value;
+    }
+
+    private function loadConfig(): array
+    {
+        $path = $this->paths->configuration() . '/system.php';
+        if (!is_file($path)) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        $config = require $path;
+        if (!is_array($config)) {
+            throw new \RuntimeException("Configuration file must return an array: {$path}");
+        }
+
+        return $config;
+    }
+
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionContext.php b/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionContext.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe037d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionContext.php
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Application\Execution;
+
+final readonly class ExecutionContext
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        public RuntimeType $runtime,
+        public string $executionId,
+        public string $correlationId,
+        public ?string $causationId = null,
+        public ?string $requestId = null,
+        public ?string $operationName = null,
+        public array $traceMetadata = [],
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public static function fromDescriptor(ExecutionDescriptor $descriptor): self
+    {
+        return new self(
+            $descriptor->runtime,
+            $descriptor->executionId,
+            $descriptor->correlationId,
+            operationName: $descriptor->operationName,
+        );
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionDescriptor.php b/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionDescriptor.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b3ac857
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionDescriptor.php
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Application\Execution;
+
+final readonly class ExecutionDescriptor
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        public RuntimeType $runtime,
+        public string $executionId,
+        public string $correlationId,
+        public ?string $operationName = null,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public static function http(?string $operationName = null): self
+    {
+        $id = self::id();
+
+        return new self(RuntimeType::HTTP, $id, $id, $operationName);
+    }
+
+    public static function cli(?string $operationName = null): self
+    {
+        $id = self::id();
+
+        return new self(RuntimeType::CLI, $id, $id, $operationName);
+    }
+
+    private static function id(): string
+    {
+        return bin2hex(random_bytes(16));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionOutcome.php b/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionOutcome.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..674c75d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionOutcome.php
@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Application\Execution;
+
+final readonly class ExecutionOutcome
+{
+    private function __construct(
+        public bool $successful,
+        public mixed $result = null,
+        public ?\Throwable $error = null,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public static function success(mixed $result = null): self
+    {
+        return new self(true, $result);
+    }
+
+    public static function failure(\Throwable $error, mixed $result = null): self
+    {
+        return new self(false, $result, $error);
+    }
+
+    public static function incomplete(): self
+    {
+        return new self(false);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionScope.php b/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionScope.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1151e56
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Application/Execution/ExecutionScope.php
@@ -0,0 +1,43 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Application\Execution;
+
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContext;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContext;
+
+final class ExecutionScope
+{
+    private bool $terminated = false;
+
+    public function __construct(
+        public readonly ExecutionDescriptor $descriptor,
+        public readonly ExecutionContext $context,
+        private readonly TenantContext $tenantContext,
+        private readonly IdentityContext $identityContext,
+    ) {
+        $this->tenantContext->clear();
+        $this->identityContext->clear();
+    }
+
+    public function markTerminated(): void
+    {
+        if ($this->terminated) {
+            throw new \LogicException('The execution scope has already been terminated.');
+        }
+
+        $this->terminated = true;
+    }
+
+    public function terminated(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->terminated;
+    }
+
+    public function dispose(): void
+    {
+        $this->identityContext->clear();
+        $this->tenantContext->clear();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Application/Execution/RuntimeType.php b/core/lib/Application/Execution/RuntimeType.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5687d10
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Application/Execution/RuntimeType.php
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Application\Execution;
+
+enum RuntimeType: string
+{
+    case HTTP = 'http';
+    case CLI = 'cli';
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Application/Execution/TerminationReport.php b/core/lib/Application/Execution/TerminationReport.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..60a6e33
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Application/Execution/TerminationReport.php
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Application\Execution;
+
+final readonly class TerminationReport
+{
+    /**
+     * @param list<\Throwable> $failures
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        public int $deferredProcessed = 0,
+        public int $deferredRemaining = 0,
+        public array $failures = [],
+        public bool $deadlineExceeded = false,
+        public bool $limitExceeded = false,
+    ) {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Application/KernelOptions.php b/core/lib/Application/KernelOptions.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..023eb28
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Application/KernelOptions.php
@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Application;
+
+final readonly class KernelOptions
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        public ProjectPaths $paths,
+        public string $environment = 'prod',
+        public bool $debug = false,
+    ) {
+        if ($this->environment === '') {
+            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Kernel environment cannot be empty.');
+        }
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Application/ProjectPaths.php b/core/lib/Application/ProjectPaths.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fe18d1a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Application/ProjectPaths.php
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Application;
+
+final readonly class ProjectPaths
+{
+    private function __construct(
+        public string $project,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public static function resolve(string $start): self
+    {
+        $directory = is_file($start) ? dirname($start) : $start;
+        $directory = rtrim($directory, DIRECTORY_SEPARATOR);
+
+        while ($directory !== dirname($directory)) {
+            if (is_file($directory . '/composer.json')) {
+                return new self(realpath($directory) ?: $directory);
+            }
+            $directory = dirname($directory);
+        }
+
+        throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Unable to resolve project root from {$start}.");
+    }
+
+    public function configuration(): string
+    {
+        return $this->project . '/config';
+    }
+
+    public function modules(): string
+    {
+        return $this->project . '/modules';
+    }
+
+    public function cache(string $environment): string
+    {
+        return $this->project . '/var/cache/' . $environment;
+    }
+
+    public function logs(): string
+    {
+        return $this->project . '/var/log';
+    }
+
+    public function runtime(): string
+    {
+        return $this->project . '/var';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Console/Event/EventsDebugCommand.php b/core/lib/Console/Event/EventsDebugCommand.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1bda498
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Console/Event/EventsDebugCommand.php
@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Console\Event;
+
+use KTXF\Event\EventListenerRegistry;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Attribute\AsCommand;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Style\SymfonyStyle;
+
+#[AsCommand(
+    name: 'events:debug',
+    description: 'Display the frozen event listener registry',
+)]
+final class EventsDebugCommand extends Command
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly EventListenerRegistry $registry,
+    ) {
+        parent::__construct();
+    }
+
+    protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output): int
+    {
+        $io = new SymfonyStyle($input, $output);
+        $rows = [];
+        foreach ($this->registry->definitions() as $listener) {
+            $rows[] = [
+                $listener->module,
+                $listener->event,
+                $listener->service . '::' . $listener->method,
+                $listener->delivery->value,
+                $listener->priority,
+                $listener->failurePolicy->value,
+            ];
+        }
+
+        $io->table(
+            ['Module', 'Event', 'Listener', 'Delivery', 'Priority', 'Failure'],
+            $rows,
+        );
+
+        return Command::SUCCESS;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Context/IdentityContext.php b/core/lib/Context/IdentityContext.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..97f6442
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Context/IdentityContext.php
@@ -0,0 +1,101 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Context;
+
+use KTXC\Models\Identity\User;
+
+final class IdentityContext implements IdentityContextInterface
+{
+    private ?User $identity = null;
+
+    public function initialize(User $identity): void
+    {
+        if ($this->identity !== null) {
+            throw new \LogicException('The execution identity has already been initialized.');
+        }
+
+        $this->identity = $identity;
+    }
+
+    public function clear(): void
+    {
+        $this->identity = null;
+    }
+
+    public function present(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->identity !== null;
+    }
+
+    public function identity(): ?User
+    {
+        return $this->identity;
+    }
+
+    public function identifier(): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->identity?->getId();
+    }
+
+    public function requireIdentifier(): string
+    {
+        return $this->identifier()
+            ?? throw new \LogicException('This operation requires an identity context.');
+    }
+
+    public function label(): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->identity?->getLabel();
+    }
+
+    public function mailAddress(): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->identity?->getIdentity();
+    }
+
+    public function nameFirst(): ?string
+    {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public function nameLast(): ?string
+    {
+        return null;
+    }
+
+    public function permissions(): array
+    {
+        return $this->identity?->getPermissions() ?? [];
+    }
+
+    public function roles(): array
+    {
+        return $this->identity?->getRoles() ?? [];
+    }
+
+    public function hasPermission(string $permission): bool
+    {
+        $permissions = $this->permissions();
+        if (in_array($permission, $permissions, true) || in_array('*', $permissions, true)) {
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        foreach ($permissions as $userPermission) {
+            if (str_ends_with($userPermission, '.*')) {
+                $prefix = substr($userPermission, 0, -2);
+                if (str_starts_with($permission, $prefix . '.')) {
+                    return true;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return false;
+    }
+
+    public function hasRole(string $role): bool
+    {
+        return in_array($role, $this->roles(), true);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Context/IdentityContextInterface.php b/core/lib/Context/IdentityContextInterface.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..602b2e6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Context/IdentityContextInterface.php
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Context;
+
+use KTXC\Models\Identity\User;
+
+interface IdentityContextInterface
+{
+    public function present(): bool;
+    public function identity(): ?User;
+    public function identifier(): ?string;
+    public function requireIdentifier(): string;
+    public function label(): ?string;
+    public function mailAddress(): ?string;
+    public function nameFirst(): ?string;
+    public function nameLast(): ?string;
+    public function permissions(): array;
+    public function roles(): array;
+    public function hasPermission(string $permission): bool;
+    public function hasRole(string $role): bool;
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Context/TenantContext.php b/core/lib/Context/TenantContext.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..44f11d1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Context/TenantContext.php
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Context;
+
+use KTXC\Models\Tenant\TenantConfiguration;
+use KTXC\Models\Tenant\TenantObject;
+use KTXC\Service\TenantService;
+
+final class TenantContext implements TenantContextInterface
+{
+    private ?TenantObject $tenant = null;
+    private ?string $domain = null;
+
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly TenantService $tenantService,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function resolveDomain(string $domain): bool
+    {
+        $this->clear();
+        $tenant = $this->tenantService->fetchByDomain($domain);
+        if ($tenant === null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $this->domain = $domain;
+        $this->tenant = $tenant;
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function resolveIdentifier(string $identifier): bool
+    {
+        $this->clear();
+        $tenant = $this->tenantService->fetchById($identifier);
+        if ($tenant === null) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $this->domain = $identifier;
+        $this->tenant = $tenant;
+
+        return true;
+    }
+
+    public function clear(): void
+    {
+        $this->tenant = null;
+        $this->domain = null;
+    }
+
+    public function present(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->tenant !== null;
+    }
+
+    public function configured(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->present();
+    }
+
+    public function enabled(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->tenant?->getEnabled() ?? false;
+    }
+
+    public function domain(): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->domain;
+    }
+
+    public function identifier(): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->tenant?->getIdentifier();
+    }
+
+    public function requireIdentifier(): string
+    {
+        return $this->identifier()
+            ?? throw new \LogicException('This operation requires a tenant context.');
+    }
+
+    public function label(): ?string
+    {
+        return $this->tenant?->getLabel();
+    }
+
+    public function configuration(): ?TenantConfiguration
+    {
+        return $this->tenant?->getConfiguration();
+    }
+
+    public function settings(): array
+    {
+        return $this->tenant?->getSettings() ?? [];
+    }
+
+    public function identityProviders(): array
+    {
+        return $this->tenant?->getConfiguration()['identity']['providers'] ?? [];
+    }
+
+    public function identityProviderConfig(string $providerId): ?array
+    {
+        return $this->identityProviders()[$providerId] ?? null;
+    }
+
+    public function isIdentityProviderEnabled(string $providerId): bool
+    {
+        $config = $this->identityProviderConfig($providerId);
+
+        return $config !== null && ($config['enabled'] ?? false);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Context/TenantContextInterface.php b/core/lib/Context/TenantContextInterface.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..29a914a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Context/TenantContextInterface.php
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Context;
+
+use KTXC\Models\Tenant\TenantConfiguration;
+
+interface TenantContextInterface
+{
+    public function present(): bool;
+    public function configured(): bool;
+    public function enabled(): bool;
+    public function domain(): ?string;
+    public function identifier(): ?string;
+    public function requireIdentifier(): string;
+    public function label(): ?string;
+    public function configuration(): ?TenantConfiguration;
+    public function settings(): array;
+    public function identityProviders(): array;
+    public function identityProviderConfig(string $providerId): ?array;
+    public function isIdentityProviderEnabled(string $providerId): bool;
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Controllers/DefaultController.php b/core/lib/Controllers/DefaultController.php
index 567aaa8..ecc8db3 100644
--- a/core/lib/Controllers/DefaultController.php
+++ b/core/lib/Controllers/DefaultController.php
@@ -10,14 +10,14 @@ use KTXC\Http\Response\RedirectResponse;
 use KTXF\Controller\ControllerAbstract;
 use KTXF\Routing\Attributes\AnonymousRoute;
 use KTXC\Service\SecurityService;
-use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContextInterface;
 use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
 
 class DefaultController extends ControllerAbstract
 {
     public function __construct(
         private readonly SecurityService $securityService,
-        private readonly SessionIdentity $identity,
+        private readonly IdentityContextInterface $identityContext,
         #[Inject('rootDir')] private readonly string $rootDir,
     ) {}
 
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ class DefaultController extends ControllerAbstract
     public function home(Request $request): Response
     {
         // If an authenticated identity is available, serve the private app
-        if ($this->identity->identifier()) {
+        if ($this->identityContext->identifier()) {
             return new FileResponse(
                 $this->rootDir . '/public/private.html',
                 Response::HTTP_OK,
@@ -116,7 +116,7 @@ class DefaultController extends ControllerAbstract
     public function catchAll(Request $request, string $path = ''): Response
     {
         // If an authenticated identity is available, serve the private app
-        if ($this->identity->identifier()) {
+        if ($this->identityContext->identifier()) {
             return new FileResponse(
                 $this->rootDir . '/public/private.html',
                 Response::HTTP_OK,
diff --git a/core/lib/Controllers/InitController.php b/core/lib/Controllers/InitController.php
index 6de2b1f..bff27b0 100644
--- a/core/lib/Controllers/InitController.php
+++ b/core/lib/Controllers/InitController.php
@@ -8,16 +8,16 @@ use KTXC\L10N\LocaleResolver;
 use KTXC\Module\ModuleManager;
 use KTXC\Security\Authorization\PermissionChecker;
 use KTXC\Service\UserAccountsService;
-use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContextInterface;
 use KTXF\Controller\ControllerAbstract;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXF\Routing\Attributes\AuthenticatedRoute;
 
 class InitController extends ControllerAbstract
 {
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenant,
-        private readonly SessionIdentity $userIdentity,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
+        private readonly IdentityContextInterface $identityContext,
         private readonly ModuleManager $moduleManager,
         private readonly UserAccountsService $userService,
         private readonly PermissionChecker $permissionChecker,
@@ -54,21 +54,21 @@ class InitController extends ControllerAbstract
 
         // tenant
         $configuration['tenant'] = [
-            'id' => $this->tenant->identifier(),
-            'domain' => $this->tenant->domain(),
-            'label' => $this->tenant->label(),
+            'id' => $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
+            'domain' => $this->tenantContext->domain(),
+            'label' => $this->tenantContext->label(),
         ];
 
         // user
         $configuration['user'] = [
             'auth' => [
-                'identifier' => $this->userIdentity->identifier(),
-                'identity' => $this->userIdentity->identity()->getIdentity(),
-                'label' => $this->userIdentity->label(),
-                'roles' => $this->userIdentity->identity()->getRoles(),
-                'permissions' => $this->userIdentity->identity()->getPermissions(),
+                'identifier' => $this->identityContext->identifier(),
+                'identity' => $this->identityContext->identity()->getIdentity(),
+                'label' => $this->identityContext->label(),
+                'roles' => $this->identityContext->identity()->getRoles(),
+                'permissions' => $this->identityContext->identity()->getPermissions(),
             ],
-            'profile' => $this->userService->getEditableFields($this->userIdentity->identifier()),
+            'profile' => $this->userService->getEditableFields($this->identityContext->identifier()),
             'settings' => $this->userService->fetchSettings([], true),
         ];
 
diff --git a/core/lib/Controllers/TenantSettingsController.php b/core/lib/Controllers/TenantSettingsController.php
index dd8101b..3eecb95 100644
--- a/core/lib/Controllers/TenantSettingsController.php
+++ b/core/lib/Controllers/TenantSettingsController.php
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ namespace KTXC\Controllers;
 
 use KTXC\Http\Response\JsonResponse;
 use KTXC\Service\TenantService;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXF\Controller\ControllerAbstract;
 use KTXF\Routing\Attributes\AuthenticatedRoute;
 
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ use KTXF\Routing\Attributes\AuthenticatedRoute;
 class TenantSettingsController extends ControllerAbstract
 {
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenantIdentity,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
         private readonly TenantService $tenantService,
     ) {}
 
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ class TenantSettingsController extends ControllerAbstract
     )]
     public function read(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $settings = $this->tenantService->fetchSettings($this->tenantIdentity->identifier());
+        $settings = $this->tenantService->fetchSettings($this->tenantContext->identifier());
 
         return new JsonResponse($settings, JsonResponse::HTTP_OK);
     }
@@ -65,9 +65,9 @@ class TenantSettingsController extends ControllerAbstract
     )]
     public function update(array $data): JsonResponse
     {
-        $this->tenantService->storeSettings($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $data);
+        $this->tenantService->storeSettings($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $data);
 
-        $updatedSettings = $this->tenantService->fetchSettings($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), array_keys($data));
+        $updatedSettings = $this->tenantService->fetchSettings($this->tenantContext->identifier(), array_keys($data));
 
         return new JsonResponse($updatedSettings, JsonResponse::HTTP_OK);
     }
diff --git a/core/lib/Controllers/UserAccountsController.php b/core/lib/Controllers/UserAccountsController.php
index 57bac4e..585d402 100644
--- a/core/lib/Controllers/UserAccountsController.php
+++ b/core/lib/Controllers/UserAccountsController.php
@@ -4,8 +4,8 @@ namespace KTXC\Controllers;
 
 use KTXC\Http\Response\JsonResponse;
 use KTXC\Service\UserAccountsService;
-use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContextInterface;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXF\Controller\ControllerAbstract;
 use KTXF\Routing\Attributes\AuthenticatedRoute;
 use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
 class UserAccountsController extends ControllerAbstract
 {
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenantIdentity,
-        private readonly SessionIdentity $userIdentity,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
+        private readonly IdentityContextInterface $identityContext,
         private readonly UserAccountsService $userService,
         private readonly LoggerInterface $logger
     ) {}
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class UserAccountsController extends ControllerAbstract
     {
         try {
             // Check admin permission
-            if (!$this->userIdentity->hasPermission('user.admin')) {
+            if (!$this->identityContext->hasPermission('user.admin')) {
                 return new JsonResponse([
                     'status' => 'error',
                     'data' => ['code' => 403, 'message' => 'Insufficient permissions']
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ class UserAccountsController extends ControllerAbstract
      */
     private function userCreate(array $data): array
     {
-        if (!$this->userIdentity->hasPermission('user.create')) {
+        if (!$this->identityContext->hasPermission('user.create')) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Insufficient permissions to create users');
         }
         
@@ -142,9 +142,9 @@ class UserAccountsController extends ControllerAbstract
         ];
         
         $this->logger->info('Creating user', [
-            'tenant' => $this->tenantIdentity->identifier(),
+            'tenant' => $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
             'identity' => $userData['identity'],
-            'actor' => $this->userIdentity->identifier()
+            'actor' => $this->identityContext->identifier()
         ]);
         
         return $this->userService->createUser($userData);
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class UserAccountsController extends ControllerAbstract
      */
     private function userUpdate(array $data): bool
     {
-        if (!$this->userIdentity->hasPermission('user.update')) {
+        if (!$this->identityContext->hasPermission('user.update')) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Insufficient permissions to update users');
         }
         
@@ -186,9 +186,9 @@ class UserAccountsController extends ControllerAbstract
         }
         
         $this->logger->info('Updating user', [
-            'tenant' => $this->tenantIdentity->identifier(),
+            'tenant' => $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
             'uid' => $uid,
-            'actor' => $this->userIdentity->identifier()
+            'actor' => $this->identityContext->identifier()
         ]);
         
         return $this->userService->updateUser($uid, $updates);
@@ -199,21 +199,21 @@ class UserAccountsController extends ControllerAbstract
      */
     private function userDelete(array $data): bool
     {
-        if (!$this->userIdentity->hasPermission('user.delete')) {
+        if (!$this->identityContext->hasPermission('user.delete')) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Insufficient permissions to delete users');
         }
         
         $uid = $data['uid'] ?? throw new \InvalidArgumentException('User ID required');
         
         // Prevent self-deletion
-        if ($uid === $this->userIdentity->identifier()) {
+        if ($uid === $this->identityContext->identifier()) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Cannot delete your own account');
         }
         
         $this->logger->info('Deleting user', [
-            'tenant' => $this->tenantIdentity->identifier(),
+            'tenant' => $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
             'uid' => $uid,
-            'actor' => $this->userIdentity->identifier()
+            'actor' => $this->identityContext->identifier()
         ]);
         
         return $this->userService->deleteUser($uid);
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ class UserAccountsController extends ControllerAbstract
      */
     private function userProviderUnlink(array $data): bool
     {
-        if (!$this->userIdentity->hasPermission('user.admin')) {
+        if (!$this->identityContext->hasPermission('user.admin')) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Insufficient permissions');
         }
         
@@ -241,9 +241,9 @@ class UserAccountsController extends ControllerAbstract
         ];
         
         $this->logger->info('Unlinking provider', [
-            'tenant' => $this->tenantIdentity->identifier(),
+            'tenant' => $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
             'uid' => $uid,
-            'actor' => $this->userIdentity->identifier()
+            'actor' => $this->identityContext->identifier()
         ]);
         
         return $this->userService->updateUser($uid, $updates);
diff --git a/core/lib/Controllers/UserProfileController.php b/core/lib/Controllers/UserProfileController.php
index fbeedad..88af7f3 100644
--- a/core/lib/Controllers/UserProfileController.php
+++ b/core/lib/Controllers/UserProfileController.php
@@ -4,16 +4,16 @@ namespace KTXC\Controllers;
 
 use KTXC\Http\Response\JsonResponse;
 use KTXC\Service\UserAccountsService;
-use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContextInterface;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXF\Controller\ControllerAbstract;
 use KTXF\Routing\Attributes\AuthenticatedRoute;
 
 class UserProfileController extends ControllerAbstract
 {
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenantIdentity,
-        private readonly SessionIdentity $userIdentity,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
+        private readonly IdentityContextInterface $identityContext,
         private readonly UserAccountsService $userService
     ) {}
 
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class UserProfileController extends ControllerAbstract
     )]
     public function read(): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = $this->userIdentity->identifier();
+        $userId = $this->identityContext->identifier();
 
         // Get profile with editability metadata
         $profile = $this->userService->getEditableFields($userId);
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class UserProfileController extends ControllerAbstract
     )]
     public function update(array $data): JsonResponse
     {
-        $userId = $this->userIdentity->identifier();
+        $userId = $this->identityContext->identifier();
 
         // storeProfile automatically filters out provider-managed fields
         $this->userService->storeProfile($userId, $data);
diff --git a/core/lib/Controllers/UserRolesController.php b/core/lib/Controllers/UserRolesController.php
index 630c58c..3349373 100644
--- a/core/lib/Controllers/UserRolesController.php
+++ b/core/lib/Controllers/UserRolesController.php
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 namespace KTXC\Controllers;
 
 use KTXC\Http\Response\JsonResponse;
-use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContextInterface;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXC\Service\UserRolesService;
 use KTXF\Controller\ControllerAbstract;
 use KTXF\Routing\Attributes\AuthenticatedRoute;
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
 class UserRolesController extends ControllerAbstract
 {
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenantIdentity,
-        private readonly SessionIdentity $userIdentity,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
+        private readonly IdentityContextInterface $identityContext,
         private readonly UserRolesService $roleService,
         private readonly LoggerInterface $logger
     ) {}
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ class UserRolesController extends ControllerAbstract
     {
         try {
             // Check role admin permission
-            if (!$this->userIdentity->hasPermission('role.admin')) {
+            if (!$this->identityContext->hasPermission('role.admin')) {
                 return new JsonResponse([
                     'status' => 'error',
                     'data' => ['code' => 403, 'message' => 'Insufficient permissions']
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ class UserRolesController extends ControllerAbstract
      */
     private function roleCreate(array $data): array
     {
-        if (!$this->userIdentity->hasPermission('role.manage')) {
+        if (!$this->identityContext->hasPermission('role.manage')) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Insufficient permissions to create roles');
         }
         
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ class UserRolesController extends ControllerAbstract
      */
     private function roleUpdate(array $data): bool
     {
-        if (!$this->userIdentity->hasPermission('role.manage')) {
+        if (!$this->identityContext->hasPermission('role.manage')) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Insufficient permissions to update roles');
         }
         
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ class UserRolesController extends ControllerAbstract
      */
     private function roleDelete(array $data): bool
     {
-        if (!$this->userIdentity->hasPermission('role.manage')) {
+        if (!$this->identityContext->hasPermission('role.manage')) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Insufficient permissions to delete roles');
         }
         
diff --git a/core/lib/Controllers/UserSettingsController.php b/core/lib/Controllers/UserSettingsController.php
index b71aa83..4d27ecc 100644
--- a/core/lib/Controllers/UserSettingsController.php
+++ b/core/lib/Controllers/UserSettingsController.php
@@ -5,16 +5,16 @@ namespace KTXC\Controllers;
 use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
 use KTXC\Http\Response\JsonResponse;
 use KTXC\Service\UserAccountsService;
-use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContextInterface;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXF\Controller\ControllerAbstract;
 use KTXF\Routing\Attributes\AuthenticatedRoute;
 
 class UserSettingsController extends ControllerAbstract
 {
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenantIdentity,
-        private readonly SessionIdentity $userIdentity,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
+        private readonly IdentityContextInterface $identityContext,
         private readonly UserAccountsService $userService
     ) {}
 
diff --git a/core/lib/Http/Middleware/AuthenticationMiddleware.php b/core/lib/Http/Middleware/AuthenticationMiddleware.php
index 73a72ab..e106e99 100644
--- a/core/lib/Http/Middleware/AuthenticationMiddleware.php
+++ b/core/lib/Http/Middleware/AuthenticationMiddleware.php
@@ -5,7 +5,10 @@ namespace KTXC\Http\Middleware;
 use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
 use KTXC\Http\Response\Response;
 use KTXC\Service\SecurityService;
-use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContext;
+use KTXF\Cache\BlobCacheInterface;
+use KTXF\Cache\EphemeralCacheInterface;
+use KTXF\Cache\PersistentCacheInterface;
 
 /**
  * Authentication middleware
@@ -19,7 +22,10 @@ class AuthenticationMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
 {
     public function __construct(
         private readonly SecurityService $securityService,
-        private readonly SessionIdentity $sessionIdentity
+        private readonly IdentityContext $identityContext,
+        private readonly EphemeralCacheInterface $ephemeralCache,
+        private readonly PersistentCacheInterface $persistentCache,
+        private readonly BlobCacheInterface $blobCache,
     ) {}
 
     public function process(Request $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler): Response
@@ -29,7 +35,11 @@ class AuthenticationMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
         
         // Initialize session identity if authentication succeeded
         if ($identity) {
-            $this->sessionIdentity->initialize($identity, true);
+            $this->identityContext->initialize($identity);
+            $identityId = $this->identityContext->identifier();
+            $this->ephemeralCache->setUserContext($identityId);
+            $this->persistentCache->setUserContext($identityId);
+            $this->blobCache->setUserContext($identityId);
         }
 
         // Continue to next middleware (authentication is optional at this stage)
diff --git a/core/lib/Http/Middleware/RouterMiddleware.php b/core/lib/Http/Middleware/RouterMiddleware.php
index 410cb34..8bedfa7 100644
--- a/core/lib/Http/Middleware/RouterMiddleware.php
+++ b/core/lib/Http/Middleware/RouterMiddleware.php
@@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
 use KTXC\Http\Response\Response;
 use KTXC\Routing\Router;
 use KTXC\Routing\Route;
-use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContextInterface;
 use KTXC\Security\Authorization\PermissionChecker;
 
 /**
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ class RouterMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
 {
     public function __construct(
         private readonly Router $router,
-        private readonly SessionIdentity $sessionIdentity,
+        private readonly IdentityContextInterface $identityContext,
         private readonly PermissionChecker $permissionChecker
     ) {}
 
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ class RouterMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
         }
         
         // Check if route requires authentication
-        if ($match->authenticated && $this->sessionIdentity->identity() === null) {
+        if ($match->authenticated && $this->identityContext->identity() === null) {
             return new Response(
                 Response::$statusTexts[Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED], 
                 Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED
diff --git a/core/lib/Http/Middleware/TenantMiddleware.php b/core/lib/Http/Middleware/TenantMiddleware.php
index 8f9be5d..728acd5 100644
--- a/core/lib/Http/Middleware/TenantMiddleware.php
+++ b/core/lib/Http/Middleware/TenantMiddleware.php
@@ -4,7 +4,10 @@ namespace KTXC\Http\Middleware;
 
 use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
 use KTXC\Http\Response\Response;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContext;
+use KTXF\Cache\BlobCacheInterface;
+use KTXF\Cache\EphemeralCacheInterface;
+use KTXF\Cache\PersistentCacheInterface;
 
 /**
  * Tenant resolution middleware
@@ -13,16 +16,23 @@ use KTXC\SessionTenant;
 class TenantMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
 {
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $sessionTenant
+        private readonly TenantContext $tenantContext,
+        private readonly EphemeralCacheInterface $ephemeralCache,
+        private readonly PersistentCacheInterface $persistentCache,
+        private readonly BlobCacheInterface $blobCache,
     ) {}
 
     public function process(Request $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler): Response
     {
         // Configure tenant from request host
-        $this->sessionTenant->configure($request->getHost());
+        $this->tenantContext->resolveDomain($request->getHost());
+        $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
+        $this->ephemeralCache->setTenantContext($tenantId);
+        $this->persistentCache->setTenantContext($tenantId);
+        $this->blobCache->setTenantContext($tenantId);
         
         // Check if tenant is configured and enabled
-        if (!$this->sessionTenant->configured() || !$this->sessionTenant->enabled()) {
+        if (!$this->tenantContext->configured() || !$this->tenantContext->enabled()) {
             return new Response(
                 Response::$statusTexts[Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED], 
                 Response::HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED
diff --git a/core/lib/Kernel.php b/core/lib/Kernel.php
index c50f8f7..11b265f 100644
--- a/core/lib/Kernel.php
+++ b/core/lib/Kernel.php
@@ -9,13 +9,15 @@
 
 namespace KTXC;
 
-use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
-use KTXC\Http\Response\Response;
-use KTXC\Http\Middleware\MiddlewarePipeline;
-use KTXC\Http\Middleware\TenantMiddleware;
-use KTXC\Http\Middleware\FirewallMiddleware;
-use KTXC\Http\Middleware\AuthenticationMiddleware;
-use KTXC\Http\Middleware\RouterMiddleware;
+use KTXC\Application\KernelOptions;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionDescriptor;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionOutcome;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionScope;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\TerminationReport;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContext;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContextInterface;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContext;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXC\Injection\Builder;
 use KTXC\Injection\Container;
 use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
@@ -23,7 +25,10 @@ use KTXC\Module\ModuleManager;
 use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
 use KTXC\Logger\LoggerFactory;
 use KTXC\Logger\TenantAwareLogger;
-use KTXF\Event\EventBus;
+use KTXF\Event\DeferredEventProcessorInterface;
+use KTXF\Event\EventDispatcher;
+use KTXF\Event\EventDispatcherInterface;
+use KTXF\Event\EventListenerRegistry;
 use KTXF\Cache\EphemeralCacheInterface;
 use KTXF\Cache\PersistentCacheInterface;
 use KTXF\Cache\BlobCacheInterface;
@@ -31,7 +36,7 @@ use KTXF\Cache\Store\FileEphemeralCache;
 use KTXF\Cache\Store\FilePersistentCache;
 use KTXF\Cache\Store\FileBlobCache;
 
-class Kernel
+class Kernel implements KernelInterface
 {
     public const VERSION = '1.0.0';
     public const VERSION_ID = 10000;
@@ -45,26 +50,16 @@ class Kernel
     protected ?float $startTime = null;
     protected ?ContainerInterface $container = null;
     protected ?LoggerInterface $logger = null;
-    protected ?MiddlewarePipeline $pipeline = null;
+    private bool $errorHandlerInstalled = false;
+    private ?ExecutionScope $activeScope = null;
 
-    private string $projectDir;
     private array $config;
 
     public function __construct(
-        protected string $environment = 'prod',
-        protected bool $debug = false,
+        private readonly KernelOptions $options,
         array $config = [],
-        ?string $projectDir = null,
     ) {
-        if (!$environment) {
-            throw new \InvalidArgumentException(\sprintf('Invalid environment provided to "%s": the environment cannot be empty.', get_debug_type($this)));
-        }
-        
         $this->config = $config;
-
-        if ($projectDir !== null) {
-            $this->projectDir = $projectDir;
-        }
     }
 
     public function __clone()
@@ -77,10 +72,10 @@ class Kernel
     private function initialize(): void
     {
         
-        if ($this->debug) {
+        if ($this->debug()) {
             $this->startTime = microtime(true);
         }
-        if ($this->debug && !isset($_ENV['SHELL_VERBOSITY']) && !isset($_SERVER['SHELL_VERBOSITY'])) {
+        if ($this->debug() && !isset($_ENV['SHELL_VERBOSITY']) && !isset($_SERVER['SHELL_VERBOSITY'])) {
             if (\function_exists('putenv')) {
                 putenv('SHELL_VERBOSITY=3');
             }
@@ -129,23 +124,7 @@ class Kernel
             return true;
         });
 
-        // Handle uncaught exceptions
-        set_exception_handler(function (\Throwable $exception) {
-            $this->logger->error('Exception caught: ' . $exception->getMessage(), [
-                'exception' => $exception,
-                'file' => $exception->getFile(),
-                'line' => $exception->getLine(),
-                'trace' => $exception->getTraceAsString(),
-            ]);
-            
-            if ($this->debug) {
-                echo '<pre>Uncaught Exception: ' . $exception . '</pre>';
-            } else {
-                echo 'An unexpected error occurred. Please try again later.';
-            }
-            
-            exit(1);
-        });
+        $this->errorHandlerInstalled = true;
 
         // Handle fatal errors
         register_shutdown_function(function () {
@@ -161,11 +140,6 @@ class Kernel
                 
                 $this->logger->error($message, $error);
                 
-                if ($this->debug) {
-                    echo '<pre>' . $message . '</pre>';
-                } else {
-                    echo 'A fatal error occurred. Please try again later.';
-                }
             }
         });
     }
@@ -180,9 +154,9 @@ class Kernel
             /** @var ModuleManager $moduleManager */
             $moduleManager = $this->container->get(ModuleManager::class);
             $moduleManager->modulesBoot();
-            
-            // Build middleware pipeline
-            $this->pipeline = $this->buildMiddlewarePipeline();
+            $this->container
+                ->get(EventListenerRegistry::class)
+                ->freeze($this->container);
             
             $this->booted = true;
         }
@@ -199,52 +173,108 @@ class Kernel
         if (false === $this->initialized) {
             return;
         }
+        if ($this->activeScope !== null && !$this->activeScope->terminated()) {
+            throw new \LogicException('Cannot shut down the kernel while an execution scope is active.');
+        }
 
         $this->initialized = false;
         $this->booted = false;
         $this->container = null;
+        if ($this->errorHandlerInstalled) {
+            restore_error_handler();
+            $this->errorHandlerInstalled = false;
+        }
     }
 
-    public function handle(Request $request): Response
+    public function beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor $descriptor): ExecutionScope
     {
         if (!$this->booted) {
             $this->boot();
         }
+        if ($this->activeScope !== null) {
+            throw new \LogicException('The kernel already has an active execution scope.');
+        }
 
-        // Use middleware pipeline to handle the request
-        return $this->pipeline->handle($request);
+        $scope = new ExecutionScope(
+            $descriptor,
+            \KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionContext::fromDescriptor($descriptor),
+            $this->container->get(TenantContext::class),
+            $this->container->get(IdentityContext::class),
+        );
+        $this->container
+            ->get(DeferredEventProcessorInterface::class)
+            ->beginExecution($descriptor->executionId);
+        $this->activeScope = $scope;
+
+        return $scope;
     }
 
-    /**
-     * Build the middleware pipeline
-     */
-    protected function buildMiddlewarePipeline(): MiddlewarePipeline
+    public function terminateExecution(
+        ExecutionScope $scope,
+        ExecutionOutcome $outcome,
+    ): TerminationReport
     {
-        $pipeline = new MiddlewarePipeline($this->container);
-        
-        // Register middleware in execution order
-        $pipeline->pipe(TenantMiddleware::class);
-        $pipeline->pipe(FirewallMiddleware::class);
-        $pipeline->pipe(AuthenticationMiddleware::class);
-        $pipeline->pipe(RouterMiddleware::class);
-        
-        return $pipeline;
-    }
+        if ($scope->terminated()) {
+            return new TerminationReport();
+        }
+        if ($this->activeScope !== $scope) {
+            throw new \LogicException('Cannot terminate a scope that is not active.');
+        }
+
+        $processed = 0;
+        $remaining = 0;
+        $deadlineExceeded = false;
+        $limitExceeded = false;
+        $failures = [];
 
-    /**
-     * Process deferred events at the end of the request
-     */
-    public function processEvents(): void
-    {
         try {
-            if ($this->container && $this->container->has(EventBus::class)) {
-                /** @var EventBus $eventBus */
-                $eventBus = $this->container->get(EventBus::class);
-                $eventBus->processDeferred();
+            if ($this->container && $this->container->has(DeferredEventProcessorInterface::class)) {
+                $result = $this->container
+                    ->get(DeferredEventProcessorInterface::class)
+                    ->processDeferred($scope->descriptor->executionId);
+                $processed = $result->processed;
+                $remaining = $result->remaining;
+                $deadlineExceeded = $result->deadlineExceeded;
+                $limitExceeded = $result->limitExceeded;
             }
         } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            error_log('Event processing error: ' . $e->getMessage());
+            $failures[] = $e;
+            try {
+                $this->container
+                    ?->get(DeferredEventProcessorInterface::class)
+                    ->discardDeferred($scope->descriptor->executionId);
+            } catch (\Throwable $discardError) {
+                $failures[] = $discardError;
+            }
+            $this->logger?->error('Deferred event processing failed.', [
+                'exception' => $e,
+                'execution_id' => $scope->descriptor->executionId,
+                'runtime' => $scope->descriptor->runtime->value,
+            ]);
+        } finally {
+            if ($this->container !== null) {
+                foreach ([
+                    EphemeralCacheInterface::class,
+                    PersistentCacheInterface::class,
+                    BlobCacheInterface::class,
+                ] as $cacheType) {
+                    $cache = $this->container->get($cacheType);
+                    $cache->setUserContext(null);
+                    $cache->setTenantContext(null);
+                }
+            }
+            $scope->dispose();
+            $scope->markTerminated();
+            $this->activeScope = null;
         }
+
+        return new TerminationReport(
+            deferredProcessed: $processed,
+            deferredRemaining: $remaining,
+            failures: $failures,
+            deadlineExceeded: $deadlineExceeded,
+            limitExceeded: $limitExceeded,
+        );
     }
 
     /**
@@ -256,13 +286,13 @@ class Kernel
     {
         return [
             'kernel.project_dir' => realpath($this->folderRoot()) ?: $this->folderRoot(),
-            'kernel.environment' => $this->environment,
+            'kernel.environment' => $this->environment(),
             'kernel.runtime_environment' => '%env(default:kernel.environment:APP_RUNTIME_ENV)%',
             'kernel.runtime_mode' => '%env(query_string:default:container.runtime_mode:APP_RUNTIME_MODE)%',
             'kernel.runtime_mode.web' => '%env(bool:default::key:web:default:kernel.runtime_mode:)%',
             'kernel.runtime_mode.cli' => '%env(not:default:kernel.runtime_mode.web:)%',
             'kernel.runtime_mode.worker' => '%env(bool:default::key:worker:default:kernel.runtime_mode:)%',
-            'kernel.debug' => $this->debug,
+            'kernel.debug' => $this->debug(),
             'kernel.build_dir' => realpath($this->getBuildDir()) ?: $this->getBuildDir(),
             'kernel.cache_dir' => realpath($this->getCacheDir()) ?: $this->getCacheDir(),
             'kernel.logs_dir' => realpath($this->getLogDir()) ?: $this->getLogDir(),
@@ -272,12 +302,12 @@ class Kernel
 
     public function environment(): string
     {
-        return $this->environment;
+        return $this->options->environment;
     }
 
     public function debug(): bool
     {
-        return $this->debug;
+        return $this->options->debug;
     }
 
     public function container(): ContainerInterface
@@ -291,7 +321,7 @@ class Kernel
 
     public function getStartTime(): float
     {
-        return $this->debug && null !== $this->startTime ? $this->startTime : -\INF;
+        return $this->debug() && null !== $this->startTime ? $this->startTime : -\INF;
     }
 
     /**
@@ -299,24 +329,7 @@ class Kernel
      */
     public function folderRoot(): string
     {
-        if (!isset($this->projectDir)) {
-            $r = new \ReflectionObject($this);
-
-            if (!is_file($dir = $r->getFileName())) {
-                throw new \LogicException(\sprintf('Cannot auto-detect project dir for kernel of class "%s".', $r->name));
-            }
-
-            $dir = $rootDir = \dirname($dir);
-            while (!is_file($dir.'/composer.json')) {
-                if ($dir === \dirname($dir)) {
-                    return $this->projectDir = $rootDir;
-                }
-                $dir = \dirname($dir);
-            }
-            $this->projectDir = $dir;
-        }
-
-        return $this->projectDir;
+        return $this->options->paths->project;
     }
 
     
@@ -325,12 +338,12 @@ class Kernel
      */
     private function getConfigDir(): string
     {
-        return $this->folderRoot().'/config';
+        return $this->options->paths->configuration();
     }
 
     public function getCacheDir(): string
     {
-        return $this->folderRoot().'/var/cache/'.$this->environment;
+        return $this->options->paths->cache($this->environment());
     }
 
     public function getBuildDir(): string
@@ -340,7 +353,7 @@ class Kernel
 
     public function getLogDir(): string
     {
-        return $this->folderRoot().'/var/log';
+        return $this->options->paths->logs();
     }
 
     public function getCharset(): string
@@ -382,7 +395,7 @@ class Kernel
         // Service definitions
         $projectDir = $this->folderRoot();
         $moduleDir = $projectDir . '/modules';
-        $environment = $this->environment;
+        $environment = $this->environment();
         
         $builder->addDefinitions([
 
@@ -395,6 +408,9 @@ class Kernel
             // Without this alias, PHP-DI will happily autowire a new empty Container when asked
             Container::class => \DI\get(ContainerInterface::class),
 
+            TenantContextInterface::class => \DI\get(TenantContext::class),
+            IdentityContextInterface::class => \DI\get(IdentityContext::class),
+
             LoggerInterface::class => function (ContainerInterface $c) use ($projectDir) {
                 $logConfig = $this->config['log'] ?? [];
 
@@ -405,7 +421,7 @@ class Kernel
 
                 return new TenantAwareLogger(
                     $this->logger,
-                    $c->get(SessionTenant::class),
+                    $c->get(TenantContextInterface::class),
                     $logDir,
                     $channel,
                     $level,
@@ -413,8 +429,8 @@ class Kernel
                 );
             },
             
-            // EventBus as singleton for consistent event handling
-            EventBus::class => \DI\create(EventBus::class),
+            EventDispatcherInterface::class => \DI\get(EventDispatcher::class),
+            DeferredEventProcessorInterface::class => \DI\get(EventDispatcher::class),
             // Ephemeral Cache - for short-lived data (sessions, rate limits, challenges)
             EphemeralCacheInterface::class => function(ContainerInterface $c) use ($projectDir) {
                 $storeType = $c->has('cache.ephemeral') ? $c->get('cache.ephemeral') : 'file';
@@ -433,13 +449,13 @@ class Kernel
                 $cache = new $storeClass($projectDir);
                 
                 // Set tenant/user context if available
-                if ($c->has(SessionTenant::class)) {
-                    $tenant = $c->get(SessionTenant::class);
-                    $cache->setTenantContext($tenant->identifier());
+                if ($c->has(TenantContextInterface::class)) {
+                    $tenantContext = $c->get(TenantContextInterface::class);
+                    $cache->setTenantContext($tenantContext->identifier());
                 }
-                if ($c->has(SessionIdentity::class)) {
-                    $identity = $c->get(SessionIdentity::class);
-                    $cache->setUserContext($identity->identifier());
+                if ($c->has(IdentityContextInterface::class)) {
+                    $identityContext = $c->get(IdentityContextInterface::class);
+                    $cache->setUserContext($identityContext->identifier());
                 }
                 
                 return $cache;
@@ -462,13 +478,13 @@ class Kernel
                 $cache = new $storeClass($projectDir);
                 
                 // Set tenant/user context if available
-                if ($c->has(SessionTenant::class)) {
-                    $tenant = $c->get(SessionTenant::class);
-                    $cache->setTenantContext($tenant->identifier());
+                if ($c->has(TenantContextInterface::class)) {
+                    $tenantContext = $c->get(TenantContextInterface::class);
+                    $cache->setTenantContext($tenantContext->identifier());
                 }
-                if ($c->has(SessionIdentity::class)) {
-                    $identity = $c->get(SessionIdentity::class);
-                    $cache->setUserContext($identity->identifier());
+                if ($c->has(IdentityContextInterface::class)) {
+                    $identityContext = $c->get(IdentityContextInterface::class);
+                    $cache->setUserContext($identityContext->identifier());
                 }
                 
                 return $cache;
@@ -491,13 +507,13 @@ class Kernel
                 $cache = new $storeClass($projectDir);
                 
                 // Set tenant/user context if available
-                if ($c->has(SessionTenant::class)) {
-                    $tenant = $c->get(SessionTenant::class);
-                    $cache->setTenantContext($tenant->identifier());
+                if ($c->has(TenantContextInterface::class)) {
+                    $tenantContext = $c->get(TenantContextInterface::class);
+                    $cache->setTenantContext($tenantContext->identifier());
                 }
-                if ($c->has(SessionIdentity::class)) {
-                    $identity = $c->get(SessionIdentity::class);
-                    $cache->setUserContext($identity->identifier());
+                if ($c->has(IdentityContextInterface::class)) {
+                    $identityContext = $c->get(IdentityContextInterface::class);
+                    $cache->setUserContext($identityContext->identifier());
                 }
                 
                 return $cache;
diff --git a/core/lib/KernelInterface.php b/core/lib/KernelInterface.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f5b4f60
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/KernelInterface.php
@@ -0,0 +1,31 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC;
+
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionDescriptor;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionOutcome;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionScope;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\TerminationReport;
+use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
+
+interface KernelInterface
+{
+    public function boot(): void;
+
+    public function beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor $descriptor): ExecutionScope;
+
+    public function terminateExecution(
+        ExecutionScope $scope,
+        ExecutionOutcome $outcome,
+    ): TerminationReport;
+
+    public function shutdown(): void;
+
+    public function container(): ContainerInterface;
+
+    public function environment(): string;
+
+    public function debug(): bool;
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Logger/LoggerFactory.php b/core/lib/Logger/LoggerFactory.php
index dee7d4f..73f92dc 100644
--- a/core/lib/Logger/LoggerFactory.php
+++ b/core/lib/Logger/LoggerFactory.php
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ use Psr\Log\NullLogger;
  *
  * Per-tenant routing (TenantAwareLogger) is applied separately inside the
  * DI container definition in Kernel::configureContainer(), because that
- * requires access to the SessionTenant singleton which lives in the container.
+ * requires access to the TenantContextInterface singleton which lives in the container.
  *
  * Supported config keys inside $config['log']:
  *
diff --git a/core/lib/Logger/TenantAwareLogger.php b/core/lib/Logger/TenantAwareLogger.php
index e147aea..6692ff0 100644
--- a/core/lib/Logger/TenantAwareLogger.php
+++ b/core/lib/Logger/TenantAwareLogger.php
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace KTXC\Logger;
 
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
 
 /**
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
  *      {logDir}/tenant/{tenantIdentifier}/{channel}.jsonl
  *    Messages that carry tenant "system" always go to the global logger.
  *
- * Both behaviours rely on a live SessionTenant reference that is populated lazily
+ * Both behaviours rely on a live TenantContextInterface reference that is populated lazily
  * by TenantMiddleware — the same pattern the cache stores use in Kernel::configureContainer().
  */
 class TenantAwareLogger implements LoggerInterface
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ class TenantAwareLogger implements LoggerInterface
 
     /**
      * @param LoggerInterface $globalLogger  Fallback logger (also used when perTenant = false).
-     * @param SessionTenant   $sessionTenant Live reference configured by TenantMiddleware.
+     * @param TenantContextInterface   $tenantContext Live reference configured by TenantMiddleware.
      * @param string          $logDir        Base log directory (e.g. /var/www/app/var/log).
      * @param string          $channel       Log file basename (e.g. 'app' → app.jsonl).
      * @param string          $minLevel      Minimum PSR-3 level for lazily-created per-tenant loggers.
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class TenantAwareLogger implements LoggerInterface
      */
     public function __construct(
         private readonly LoggerInterface $globalLogger,
-        private readonly SessionTenant   $sessionTenant,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface   $tenantContext,
         private readonly string          $logDir,
         private readonly string          $channel   = 'app',
         private readonly string          $minLevel  = 'debug',
@@ -60,8 +60,8 @@ class TenantAwareLogger implements LoggerInterface
     {
         // Resolve current tenant id; fall back to 'system' for CLI / boot phase.
         $tenantId = 'system';
-        if ($this->sessionTenant->configured()) {
-            $tenantId = $this->sessionTenant->identifier() ?? 'system';
+        if ($this->tenantContext->configured()) {
+            $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier() ?? 'system';
         }
 
         // Inject tenant id as a reserved context key that concrete loggers extract.
diff --git a/core/lib/Module/Module.php b/core/lib/Module/Module.php
index 8556c5a..0733768 100644
--- a/core/lib/Module/Module.php
+++ b/core/lib/Module/Module.php
@@ -2,6 +2,10 @@
 
 namespace KTXC\Module;
 
+use KTXC\Service\FirewallService;
+use KTXF\Event\DeliveryMode;
+use KTXF\Event\EventListenerRegistry;
+use KTXF\Event\SecurityEvent;
 use KTXF\Module\ModuleBrowserInterface;
 use KTXF\Module\ModuleConsoleInterface;
 use KTXF\Module\ModuleInstanceAbstract;
@@ -13,7 +17,36 @@ use KTXF\Module\ModuleInstanceAbstract;
  */
 class Module extends ModuleInstanceAbstract implements ModuleConsoleInterface, ModuleBrowserInterface
 {
-    public function __construct() {}
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly EventListenerRegistry $events,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function boot(): void
+    {
+        $this->events->listen(
+            'core',
+            SecurityEvent::AUTH_FAILURE,
+            FirewallService::class,
+            'handleAuthFailure',
+            priority: 100,
+        );
+
+        foreach ([
+            SecurityEvent::AUTH_FAILURE,
+            SecurityEvent::AUTH_SUCCESS,
+            SecurityEvent::ACCESS_DENIED,
+            SecurityEvent::BRUTE_FORCE_DETECTED,
+        ] as $event) {
+            $this->events->listen(
+                'core',
+                $event,
+                FirewallService::class,
+                'logSecurityEvent',
+                DeliveryMode::Deferred,
+            );
+        }
+    }
 
     public function handle(): string
     {
@@ -99,6 +132,7 @@ class Module extends ModuleInstanceAbstract implements ModuleConsoleInterface, M
     public function registerCI(): array
     {
         return [
+            \KTXC\Console\Event\EventsDebugCommand::class,
             \KTXC\Console\Module\ModuleListCommand::class,
             \KTXC\Console\Module\ModuleEnableCommand::class,
             \KTXC\Console\Module\ModuleDisableCommand::class,
diff --git a/core/lib/Module/ModuleAutoloader.php b/core/lib/Module/ModuleAutoloader.php
index ea840fc..fd78f68 100644
--- a/core/lib/Module/ModuleAutoloader.php
+++ b/core/lib/Module/ModuleAutoloader.php
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace KTXC\Module;
 
-use KTXC\Server;
+use Composer\Autoload\ClassLoader;
 
 /**
  * Custom autoloader for modules that allows PascalCase namespaces
@@ -20,7 +20,10 @@ class ModuleAutoloader
     private array $namespaceMap = [];
     private bool $scanned = false;
     
-    public function __construct(string $modulesRoot)
+    public function __construct(
+        string $modulesRoot,
+        private readonly ?ClassLoader $composerLoader = null,
+    )
     {
         $this->modulesRoot = rtrim($modulesRoot, '/');
     }
@@ -73,10 +76,9 @@ class ModuleAutoloader
         }
         
         // Register module namespaces with Composer ClassLoader
-        $composerLoader = Server::getComposerLoader();
-        if ($composerLoader !== null) {
+        if ($this->composerLoader !== null) {
             foreach ($this->namespaceMap as $namespace => $folderName) {
-                $composerLoader->addPsr4(
+                $this->composerLoader->addPsr4(
                     'KTXM\\' . $namespace . '\\',
                     $this->modulesRoot . '/' . $folderName . '/lib/'
                 );
diff --git a/core/lib/Module/ModuleManager.php b/core/lib/Module/ModuleManager.php
index c550451..dc8bea1 100644
--- a/core/lib/Module/ModuleManager.php
+++ b/core/lib/Module/ModuleManager.php
@@ -276,12 +276,13 @@ class ModuleManager
             try {
                 $module->boot();
                 $this->logger->debug('Module booted', ['handle' => $handle]);
-            } catch (Exception $e) {
+            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
                 $this->logger->error('Module boot failed: ' . $handle, [
                     'exception' => $e,
                     'message' => $e->getMessage(),
                     'code' => $e->getCode(),
                 ]);
+                throw $e;
             }
         }
     }
diff --git a/core/lib/Runtime/Console/ConsoleRuntime.php b/core/lib/Runtime/Console/ConsoleRuntime.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..6312a82
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Runtime/Console/ConsoleRuntime.php
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Runtime\Console;
+
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionDescriptor;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionOutcome;
+use KTXC\Kernel;
+use KTXC\KernelInterface;
+use KTXC\Module\ModuleManager;
+use KTXF\Module\ModuleConsoleInterface;
+use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Application as ConsoleApplication;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Attribute\AsCommand;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\LazyCommand;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface;
+
+final class ConsoleRuntime
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly KernelInterface $kernel,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function run(
+        ?InputInterface $input = null,
+        ?OutputInterface $output = null,
+    ): int
+    {
+        $scope = $this->kernel->beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor::cli());
+        $outcome = ExecutionOutcome::incomplete();
+
+        try {
+            $exitCode = $this->application()->run($input, $output);
+            $outcome = ExecutionOutcome::success($exitCode);
+
+            return $exitCode;
+        } catch (\Throwable $error) {
+            $outcome = ExecutionOutcome::failure($error);
+            throw $error;
+        } finally {
+            $this->kernel->terminateExecution($scope, $outcome);
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function application(): ConsoleApplication
+    {
+        $container = $this->kernel->container();
+        $console = new ConsoleApplication('Vallarx Console', Kernel::VERSION);
+        $console->setAutoExit(false);
+
+        /** @var ModuleManager $moduleManager */
+        $moduleManager = $container->get(ModuleManager::class);
+        foreach ($moduleManager->list() as $module) {
+            $instance = $module->instance();
+            if (!$instance instanceof ModuleConsoleInterface) {
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            foreach ($instance->registerCI() as $commandClass) {
+                $this->registerLazyCommand($console, $container, $commandClass);
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $console;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @param class-string $commandClass
+     */
+    private function registerLazyCommand(
+        ConsoleApplication $console,
+        ContainerInterface $container,
+        string $commandClass,
+    ): void {
+        if (!class_exists($commandClass)) {
+            throw new \RuntimeException("Command class not found: {$commandClass}");
+        }
+
+        $reflection = new \ReflectionClass($commandClass);
+        $attributes = $reflection->getAttributes(AsCommand::class);
+        if ($attributes === []) {
+            throw new \RuntimeException("Command {$commandClass} is missing #[AsCommand].");
+        }
+
+        $attribute = $attributes[0]->newInstance();
+        $console->add(new LazyCommand(
+            $attribute->name,
+            [],
+            $attribute->description ?? '',
+            $attribute->hidden ?? false,
+            static fn() => $container->get($commandClass),
+        ));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Runtime/Http/HttpRuntime.php b/core/lib/Runtime/Http/HttpRuntime.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..be214a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/core/lib/Runtime/Http/HttpRuntime.php
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXC\Runtime\Http;
+
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionDescriptor;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionOutcome;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\AuthenticationMiddleware;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\FirewallMiddleware;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\MiddlewarePipeline;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\RouterMiddleware;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\TenantMiddleware;
+use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
+use KTXC\Http\Response\Response;
+use KTXC\KernelInterface;
+
+final class HttpRuntime
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly KernelInterface $kernel,
+        private readonly bool $debug,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function run(?Request $request = null): Response
+    {
+        return $this->execute(
+            $request ?? Request::createFromGlobals(),
+            send: true,
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function handle(Request $request): Response
+    {
+        return $this->execute($request, send: false);
+    }
+
+    private function execute(Request $request, bool $send): Response
+    {
+        $scope = null;
+        $outcome = ExecutionOutcome::incomplete();
+
+        try {
+            $scope = $this->kernel->beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor::http());
+            $response = $this->pipeline()->handle($request);
+            $outcome = ExecutionOutcome::success($response);
+            if ($send) {
+                $response->send();
+            }
+
+            return $response;
+        } catch (\Throwable $error) {
+            $response = $this->errorResponse($error);
+            $outcome = ExecutionOutcome::failure($error, $response);
+            if ($send) {
+                $response->send();
+            }
+
+            return $response;
+        } finally {
+            if ($scope !== null) {
+                $this->kernel->terminateExecution($scope, $outcome);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function pipeline(): MiddlewarePipeline
+    {
+        $pipeline = new MiddlewarePipeline($this->kernel->container());
+        $pipeline->pipe(TenantMiddleware::class);
+        $pipeline->pipe(FirewallMiddleware::class);
+        $pipeline->pipe(AuthenticationMiddleware::class);
+        $pipeline->pipe(RouterMiddleware::class);
+
+        return $pipeline;
+    }
+
+    private function errorResponse(\Throwable $error): Response
+    {
+        error_log(sprintf(
+            'Application error: %s in %s:%d',
+            $error->getMessage(),
+            $error->getFile(),
+            $error->getLine(),
+        ));
+
+        $content = $this->debug
+            ? '<pre>' . htmlspecialchars((string) $error) . '</pre>'
+            : 'An error occurred. Please try again later.';
+
+        return new Response($content, Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, [
+            'Content-Type' => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8',
+        ]);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/core/lib/Security/AuthenticationManager.php b/core/lib/Security/AuthenticationManager.php
index af2e037..11641e1 100644
--- a/core/lib/Security/AuthenticationManager.php
+++ b/core/lib/Security/AuthenticationManager.php
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ use KTXC\Security\Authentication\AuthenticationRequest;
 use KTXC\Security\Authentication\AuthenticationResponse;
 use KTXC\Service\TokenService;
 use KTXC\Service\UserAccountsService;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXF\Cache\CacheScope;
 use KTXF\Cache\EphemeralCacheInterface;
 use KTXF\Security\Authentication\AuthenticationProviderInterface;
@@ -26,13 +26,13 @@ class AuthenticationManager
     private string $securityCode;
 
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenant,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
         private readonly EphemeralCacheInterface $cache,
         private readonly ProviderManager $providerManager,
         private readonly TokenService $tokenService,
         private readonly UserAccountsService $userService,
     ) {
-        $this->securityCode = $this->tenant->configuration()->security()->code();
+        $this->securityCode = $this->tenantContext->configuration()->security()->code();
     }
 
     // =========================================================================
@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ class AuthenticationManager
         $methods = $this->methodsConfigured();
 
         $session = AuthenticationSession::create(
-            $this->tenant->identifier(),
+            $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
             AuthenticationSession::STATE_FRESH
         );
         
@@ -103,7 +103,7 @@ class AuthenticationManager
         // Filter to non-redirect methods since redirects don't need identity first
         $methods = $this->methodsConfigured();
         $methods = array_values(array_filter($methods, fn($m) => $m['method'] !== 'redirect'));
-        $require = $this->tenant->configuration()->authentication()->methodsMinimal();
+        $require = $this->tenantContext->configuration()->authentication()->methodsMinimal();
 
         // Store identity in session without validating to prevent enumeration
         $session->setMethods(array_column($methods, 'id'), $require);
@@ -429,7 +429,7 @@ class AuthenticationManager
         $session->methodCompleted($method);
 
         // Check if MFA is required
-        $require = $this->tenant->configuration()->authentication()->methodsMinimal();
+        $require = $this->tenantContext->configuration()->authentication()->methodsMinimal();
         if ($require > 1) {
             $remainingMethods = $this->methodsConfigured([$method]);
             // Filter out redirect methods - they can't be used as secondary factors
@@ -523,7 +523,7 @@ class AuthenticationManager
 
         $accessToken = $this->tokenService->createToken(
             [
-                'tenant' => $this->tenant->identifier(),
+                'tenant' => $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
                 'identifier' => $user->getId(),
                 'identity' => $user->getIdentity(),
                 'label' => $user->getLabel(),
@@ -585,7 +585,7 @@ class AuthenticationManager
      */
     private function getProviderConfig(string $method): array
     {
-        $providers = $this->tenant->configuration()->authentication()->providers();
+        $providers = $this->tenantContext->configuration()->authentication()->providers();
         return $providers[$method]['config'] ?? [];
     }
 
@@ -635,7 +635,7 @@ class AuthenticationManager
      */
     private function methodsConfigured(array $methodsCompleted = []): array
     {
-        $tenantProviders = $this->tenant->configuration()->authentication()->providers();
+        $tenantProviders = $this->tenantContext->configuration()->authentication()->providers();
         $methods = [];
 
         foreach ($tenantProviders as $providerId => $providerConfiguration) {
@@ -669,7 +669,7 @@ class AuthenticationManager
     private function createTokens(User $user, bool $mfaVerified = false): array
     {
         $payload = [
-            'tenant' => $this->tenant->identifier(),
+            'tenant' => $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
             'identifier' => $user->getId(),
             'identity' => $user->getIdentity(),
             'label' => $user->getLabel(),
diff --git a/core/lib/Security/Authorization/PermissionChecker.php b/core/lib/Security/Authorization/PermissionChecker.php
index 690b0f0..0d03b32 100644
--- a/core/lib/Security/Authorization/PermissionChecker.php
+++ b/core/lib/Security/Authorization/PermissionChecker.php
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace KTXC\Security\Authorization;
 
-use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContextInterface;
 
 /**
  * Permission Checker
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
 class PermissionChecker
 {
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionIdentity $sessionIdentity
+        private readonly IdentityContextInterface $identityContext
     ) {}
     
     /**
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class PermissionChecker
      */
     public function can(string $permission, mixed $resource = null): bool
     {
-        $identity = $this->sessionIdentity->identity();
+        $identity = $this->identityContext->identity();
         
         if (!$identity) {
             return false;
@@ -113,7 +113,7 @@ class PermissionChecker
      */
     public function getUserPermissions(): array
     {
-        $identity = $this->sessionIdentity->identity();
+        $identity = $this->identityContext->identity();
         
         if (!$identity) {
             return [];
diff --git a/core/lib/Server.php b/core/lib/Server.php
deleted file mode 100644
index 6a6d93b..0000000
--- a/core/lib/Server.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,311 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-namespace KTXC;
-
-use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
-use KTXC\Http\Response\Response;
-use KTXC\Module\ModuleAutoloader;
-use KTXC\Module\ModuleManager;
-use KTXF\Module\ModuleConsoleInterface;
-use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
-use Symfony\Component\Console\Application as ConsoleApplication;
-use Symfony\Component\Console\Attribute\AsCommand;
-use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\LazyCommand;
-
-/**
- * Server class - entry point for the framework
- * Handles configuration loading and kernel lifecycle
- */
-class Server
-{
-    private static $composerLoader = null;
-    private static ?self $instance = null;
-    
-    private Kernel $kernel;
-    private array $config;
-    private string $rootDir;
-
-    public function __construct(string $rootDir, ?string $environment = null, ?bool $debug = null)
-    {
-        self::$instance = $this;
-        
-        $this->rootDir = $this->resolveProjectRoot($rootDir);
-        
-        // Load configuration
-        $this->config = $this->loadConfig();
-        
-        // Determine environment and debug mode
-        $environment = $environment ?? $this->config['environment'] ?? 'prod';
-        $debug = $debug ?? $this->config['debug'] ?? false;
-        
-        // Create kernel with configuration
-        $this->kernel = new Kernel($environment, $debug, $this->config, $rootDir);
-
-        // Register module autoloader for both HTTP and CLI contexts
-        $moduleAutoloader = new ModuleAutoloader($this->moduleDir());
-        $moduleAutoloader->register();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Run the application - handle incoming request and send response
-     */
-    public function runHttp(): void
-    {
-        try {
-            $request = Request::createFromGlobals();
-            $response = $this->handle($request);
-            $response->send();
-            $this->terminate();
-        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            // Last resort error handling for kernel initialization failures
-            error_log('Application error: ' . $e->getMessage() . ' in ' . $e->getFile() . ':' . $e->getLine());
-            $content = $this->kernel->debug()
-                ? '<pre>' . htmlspecialchars((string) $e) . '</pre>'
-                : 'An error occurred. Please try again later.';
-            $response = new Response($content, Response::HTTP_INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, [
-                'Content-Type' => 'text/html; charset=UTF-8',
-            ]);
-            $response->send();
-            exit(1);
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Run as a console application (CLI runtime).
-     */
-    public function runConsole(): int
-    {
-        $this->kernel()->boot();
-        $container = $this->container();
-
-        $console = new ConsoleApplication('Vallarx Console', Kernel::VERSION);
-
-        /** @var ModuleManager $moduleManager */
-        $moduleManager = $container->get(ModuleManager::class);
-
-        foreach ($moduleManager->list() as $module) {
-            $instance = $module->instance();
-            if (!$instance instanceof ModuleConsoleInterface) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            try {
-                foreach ($instance->registerCI() as $commandClass) {
-                    if (!class_exists($commandClass)) {
-                        fwrite(STDERR, "Warning: Command class not found: {$commandClass}\n");
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    $this->registerLazyCommand($console, $container, $commandClass);
-                }
-            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-                fwrite(STDERR, "Warning: Failed to load commands from module {$module->handle()}: {$e->getMessage()}\n");
-            }
-        }
-
-        return $console->run();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Handle a request
-     */
-    public function handle(Request $request): Response
-    {
-        return $this->kernel->handle($request);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Terminate the application - process deferred events
-     */
-    public function terminate(): void
-    {
-        $this->kernel->processEvents();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the kernel instance
-     */
-    public function kernel(): Kernel
-    {
-        return $this->kernel;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the container instance
-     */
-    public function container(): ContainerInterface
-    {
-        return $this->kernel->container();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the application root directory
-     */
-    public function rootDir(): string
-    {
-        return $this->rootDir;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the modules directory
-     */
-    public function moduleDir(): string
-    {
-        return $this->rootDir . '/modules';
-    }
-
-    public function varDir(): string
-    {
-        return $this->rootDir . '/var';
-    }
-
-    public function logDir(): string
-    {
-        return $this->varDir() . '/logs';
-    }
-    
-    /**
-     * Get configuration value
-     */
-    public function config(?string $key = null, mixed $default = null): mixed
-    {
-        if ($key === null) {
-            return $this->config;
-        }
-        
-        // Support dot notation: 'database.uri'
-        $keys = explode('.', $key);
-        $value = $this->config;
-        
-        foreach ($keys as $k) {
-            if (!is_array($value) || !array_key_exists($k, $value)) {
-                return $default;
-            }
-            $value = $value[$k];
-        }
-        
-        return $value;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get environment
-     */
-    public function environment(): string
-    {
-        return $this->kernel->environment();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Check if debug mode is enabled
-     */
-    public function debug(): bool
-    {
-        return $this->kernel->debug();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Load configuration from config directory
-     */
-    protected function loadConfig(): array
-    {
-        $configFile = $this->rootDir . '/config/system.php';
-        
-        if (!file_exists($configFile)) {
-            error_log('Configuration file not found: ' . $configFile);
-            return [];
-        }
-        
-        $config = include $configFile;
-        
-        if (!is_array($config)) {
-            throw new \RuntimeException('Configuration file must return an array');
-        }
-        
-        return $config;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Resolve the project root directory.
-     *
-     * Some entrypoints may pass the public/ directory or another subdirectory.
-     * We walk up the directory tree until we find composer.json.
-     */
-    private function resolveProjectRoot(string $startDir): string
-    {
-        $dir = rtrim($startDir, '/');
-        if ($dir === '') {
-            return $startDir;
-        }
-
-        // If startDir is a file path, use its directory.
-        if (is_file($dir)) {
-            $dir = dirname($dir);
-        }
-
-        $current = $dir;
-        while (true) {
-            if (is_file($current . '/composer.json')) {
-                return $current;
-            }
-
-            $parent = dirname($current);
-            if ($parent === $current) {
-                // Reached filesystem root
-                return $dir;
-            }
-            $current = $parent;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Set the Composer ClassLoader instance
-     */
-    public static function setComposerLoader($loader): void
-    {
-        self::$composerLoader = $loader;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the Composer ClassLoader instance
-     */
-    public static function getComposerLoader()
-    {
-        return self::$composerLoader;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get the current Application instance
-     */
-    public static function getInstance(): ?self
-    {
-        return self::$instance;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Register a single command via lazy loading using its #[AsCommand] attribute.
-     */
-    private function registerLazyCommand(
-        ConsoleApplication $console,
-        ContainerInterface $container,
-        string $commandClass
-    ): void {
-        try {
-            $ref = new \ReflectionClass($commandClass);
-            $attrs = $ref->getAttributes(AsCommand::class);
-
-            if (empty($attrs)) {
-                fwrite(STDERR, "Warning: Command {$commandClass} missing #[AsCommand] attribute\n");
-                return;
-            }
-
-            $attr = $attrs[0]->newInstance();
-            $console->add(new LazyCommand(
-                $attr->name,
-                [],
-                $attr->description ?? '',
-                $attr->hidden ?? false,
-                fn() => $container->get($commandClass)
-            ));
-        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-            fwrite(STDERR, "Warning: Failed to register command {$commandClass}: {$e->getMessage()}\n");
-        }
-    }
-}
diff --git a/core/lib/Service/ConfigurationService.php b/core/lib/Service/ConfigurationService.php
index a5ea6b8..597d0bc 100644
--- a/core/lib/Service/ConfigurationService.php
+++ b/core/lib/Service/ConfigurationService.php
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ namespace KTXC\Service;
 use KTXC\Db\DataStore;
 use KTXC\Db\Collection;
 use KTXC\Db\UTCDateTime;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 
 class ConfigurationService
 {
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ class ConfigurationService
 
     public function __construct(
     DataStore $store,
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenant
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext
     ) {
     // DataStore provides selectCollection method
     $this->collection = $store->selectCollection(self::TABLE_NAME);
@@ -36,10 +36,10 @@ class ConfigurationService
      */
     public function get(string $path, string $key, mixed $default = null, ?string $tenant = null): mixed
     {
-        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenant->isConfigured()) {
+        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenantContext->configured()) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Tenant must be configured or provided explicitly.');
         } elseif ($tenant === null) {
-            $tenant = $this->tenant->identifier();
+            $tenant = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         }
 
     $doc = $this->collection->findOne(['did' => $tenant, 'path' => $path, 'key' => $key]);
@@ -54,10 +54,10 @@ class ConfigurationService
      */
     public function set(string $path, string $key, mixed $value, mixed $default = null, ?string $tenant = null): bool
     {
-        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenant->isConfigured()) {
+        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenantContext->configured()) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Tenant must be configured or provided explicitly.');
         } elseif ($tenant === null) {
-            $tenant = $this->tenant->identifier();
+            $tenant = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         }
 
         $type = $this->determineType($value);
@@ -84,10 +84,10 @@ class ConfigurationService
      */
     public function getByPath(?string $path = null, bool $subset = false, ?string $tenant = null): array
     {
-        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenant->isConfigured()) {
+        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenantContext->configured()) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Tenant must be configured or provided explicitly.');
         } elseif ($tenant === null) {
-            $tenant = $this->tenant->identifier();
+            $tenant = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         }
 
         $filter = ['did' => $tenant];
@@ -116,10 +116,10 @@ class ConfigurationService
      */
     public function delete(string $path, string $key, ?string $tenant = null): bool
     {
-        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenant->isConfigured()) {
+        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenantContext->configured()) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Tenant must be configured or provided explicitly.');
         } elseif ($tenant === null) {
-            $tenant = $this->tenant->identifier();
+            $tenant = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         }
 
     $this->collection->deleteOne(['did' => $tenant, 'path' => $path, 'key' => $key]);
@@ -131,10 +131,10 @@ class ConfigurationService
      */
     public function deleteByPath(string $path, bool $includeSubPaths = false, ?string $tenant = null): bool
     {
-        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenant->isConfigured()) {
+        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenantContext->configured()) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Tenant must be configured or provided explicitly.');
         } elseif ($tenant === null) {
-            $tenant = $this->tenant->identifier();
+            $tenant = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         }
 
         $filter = ['did' => $tenant];
@@ -155,10 +155,10 @@ class ConfigurationService
      */
     public function exists(string $path, string $key, ?string $tenant = null): bool
     {
-        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenant->isConfigured()) {
+        if ($tenant === null && !$this->tenantContext->configured()) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Tenant must be configured or provided explicitly.');
         } elseif ($tenant === null) {
-            $tenant = $this->tenant->identifier();
+            $tenant = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         }
 
     return $this->collection->countDocuments(['did' => $tenant, 'path' => $path, 'key' => $key]) > 0;
diff --git a/core/lib/Service/FirewallService.php b/core/lib/Service/FirewallService.php
index da872f5..0cae13b 100644
--- a/core/lib/Service/FirewallService.php
+++ b/core/lib/Service/FirewallService.php
@@ -8,8 +8,8 @@ use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
 use KTXC\Models\Firewall\FirewallRuleObject;
 use KTXC\Models\Firewall\FirewallLogObject;
 use KTXC\Stores\FirewallStore;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
-use KTXF\Event\EventBus;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
+use KTXF\Event\EventDispatcherInterface;
 use KTXF\Event\SecurityEvent;
 use KTXF\IpUtils;
 
@@ -41,33 +41,9 @@ class FirewallService
 
     public function __construct(
         private readonly FirewallStore $store,
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenant,
-        private readonly EventBus $eventBus
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
+        private readonly EventDispatcherInterface $events,
     ) {
-        // Listen for auth failures to detect brute force
-        $this->eventBus->subscribe(
-            SecurityEvent::AUTH_FAILURE,
-            [$this, 'handleAuthFailure'],
-            100 // High priority
-        );
-
-        // Log all security events asynchronously
-        $this->eventBus->subscribeAsync(
-            SecurityEvent::AUTH_FAILURE,
-            [$this, 'logSecurityEvent']
-        );
-        $this->eventBus->subscribeAsync(
-            SecurityEvent::AUTH_SUCCESS,
-            [$this, 'logSecurityEvent']
-        );
-        $this->eventBus->subscribeAsync(
-            SecurityEvent::ACCESS_DENIED,
-            [$this, 'logSecurityEvent']
-        );
-        $this->eventBus->subscribeAsync(
-            SecurityEvent::BRUTE_FORCE_DETECTED,
-            [$this, 'logSecurityEvent']
-        );
     }
 
     /**
@@ -100,7 +76,7 @@ class FirewallService
             return new FirewallAnalyzeResult(true);
         }
 
-        $tenantId = $this->tenant->identifier();
+        $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         if (!$tenantId) {
             return new FirewallAnalyzeResult(true);
         }
@@ -158,7 +134,7 @@ class FirewallService
     public function handleAuthFailure(SecurityEvent $event): void
     {
         $ipAddress = $event->getIpAddress();
-        $tenantId = $event->getTenantId() ?? $this->tenant->identifier();
+        $tenantId = $event->getTenantId() ?? $this->tenantContext->identifier();
 
         if (!$ipAddress || !$tenantId) {
             return;
@@ -198,8 +174,8 @@ class FirewallService
     ): void {
         // Publish brute force event
         $event = SecurityEvent::bruteForceDetected($ipAddress, $failureCount, $windowSeconds);
-        $event->setTenantId($this->tenant->identifier());
-        $this->eventBus->publish($event);
+        $event->setTenantId($this->tenantContext->identifier());
+        $this->events->dispatch($event);
 
         // Auto-block the IP
         $blockDuration = $this->getConfig(
@@ -220,7 +196,7 @@ class FirewallService
      */
     public function logSecurityEvent(SecurityEvent $event): void
     {
-        $tenantId = $event->getTenantId() ?? $this->tenant->identifier();
+        $tenantId = $event->getTenantId() ?? $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         if (!$tenantId) {
             return;
         }
@@ -283,8 +259,8 @@ class FirewallService
             $rule->getId(),
             $rule->getReason()
         );
-        $event->setTenantId($this->tenant->identifier());
-        $this->eventBus->publish($event);
+        $event->setTenantId($this->tenantContext->identifier());
+        $this->events->dispatch($event);
     }
 
     // ========================================
@@ -300,7 +276,7 @@ class FirewallService
         ?string $createdBy = null,
         ?int $durationSeconds = null
     ): FirewallRuleObject {
-        $tenantId = $this->tenant->identifier();
+        $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         if (!$tenantId) {
             throw new \RuntimeException('Cannot create firewall rule: no tenant configured');
         }
@@ -340,7 +316,7 @@ class FirewallService
         $event->setIpAddress($ipAddress)
             ->setReason($reason)
             ->setTenantId($tenantId);
-        $this->eventBus->publish($event);
+        $this->events->dispatch($event);
 
         return $rule;
     }
@@ -353,7 +329,7 @@ class FirewallService
         ?string $reason = null,
         ?string $createdBy = null
     ): FirewallRuleObject {
-        $tenantId = $this->tenant->identifier();
+        $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         if (!$tenantId) {
             throw new \RuntimeException('Cannot create firewall rule: no tenant configured');
         }
@@ -376,7 +352,7 @@ class FirewallService
         $event->setIpAddress($ipAddress)
             ->setReason($reason)
             ->setTenantId($tenantId);
-        $this->eventBus->publish($event);
+        $this->events->dispatch($event);
 
         return $rule;
     }
@@ -389,7 +365,7 @@ class FirewallService
         ?string $reason = null,
         ?string $createdBy = null
     ): FirewallRuleObject {
-        $tenantId = $this->tenant->identifier();
+        $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         if (!$tenantId) {
             throw new \RuntimeException('Cannot create firewall rule: no tenant configured');
         }
@@ -419,7 +395,7 @@ class FirewallService
         ?string $createdBy = null,
         ?int $durationSeconds = null
     ): FirewallRuleObject {
-        $tenantId = $this->tenant->identifier();
+        $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         if (!$tenantId) {
             throw new \RuntimeException('Cannot create firewall rule: no tenant configured');
         }
@@ -448,7 +424,7 @@ class FirewallService
         $event->setDeviceFingerprint($fingerprint)
             ->setReason($reason)
             ->setTenantId($tenantId);
-        $this->eventBus->publish($event);
+        $this->events->dispatch($event);
 
         return $rule;
     }
@@ -464,7 +440,7 @@ class FirewallService
         }
 
         // Verify tenant ownership
-        if ($rule->getTenantId() !== $this->tenant->identifier()) {
+        if ($rule->getTenantId() !== $this->tenantContext->identifier()) {
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -485,7 +461,7 @@ class FirewallService
         }
 
         // Verify tenant ownership
-        if ($rule->getTenantId() !== $this->tenant->identifier()) {
+        if ($rule->getTenantId() !== $this->tenantContext->identifier()) {
             return false;
         }
 
@@ -501,7 +477,7 @@ class FirewallService
      */
     public function listRules(bool $activeOnly = true): array
     {
-        $tenantId = $this->tenant->identifier();
+        $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         if (!$tenantId) {
             return [];
         }
@@ -518,7 +494,7 @@ class FirewallService
         ?string $result = null,
         int $limit = 100
     ): array {
-        $tenantId = $this->tenant->identifier();
+        $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         if (!$tenantId) {
             return [];
         }
@@ -531,7 +507,7 @@ class FirewallService
      */
     public function getBlockedCount(?\DateTimeImmutable $since = null): int
     {
-        $tenantId = $this->tenant->identifier();
+        $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
         if (!$tenantId) {
             return 0;
         }
@@ -556,7 +532,7 @@ class FirewallService
      */
     private function getConfig(string $key, mixed $default = null): mixed
     {
-        $config = $this->tenant->configuration();
+        $config = $this->tenantContext->configuration();
         $parts = explode('.', $key);
         
         foreach ($parts as $part) {
@@ -576,7 +552,7 @@ class FirewallService
     private function getActiveRules(): array
     {
         if ($this->rulesCache === null) {
-            $tenantId = $this->tenant->identifier();
+            $tenantId = $this->tenantContext->identifier();
             $this->rulesCache = $tenantId 
                 ? $this->store->listRules($tenantId, true)
                 : [];
diff --git a/core/lib/Service/SecurityService.php b/core/lib/Service/SecurityService.php
index f29b252..a2ab71d 100644
--- a/core/lib/Service/SecurityService.php
+++ b/core/lib/Service/SecurityService.php
@@ -7,7 +7,7 @@ namespace KTXC\Service;
 use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
 use KTXC\Models\Identity\User;
 use KTXC\Resource\ProviderManager;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXF\Security\Authentication\AuthenticationProviderInterface;
 
 /**
@@ -23,12 +23,12 @@ class SecurityService
     private string $securityCode;
 
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $sessionTenant,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
         private readonly TokenService $tokenService,
         private readonly UserAccountsService $userService,
         private readonly ProviderManager $providerManager,
     ) {
-        $this->securityCode = $this->sessionTenant->configuration()->security()->code();
+        $this->securityCode = $this->tenantContext->configuration()->security()->code();
     }
 
     /**
@@ -118,7 +118,7 @@ class SecurityService
                 continue;
             }
             $context = new \KTXF\Security\Authentication\ProviderContext(
-                tenantId: $this->sessionTenant->identifier(),
+                tenantId: $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
                 userIdentity: $identity,
             );
             $result = $provider->verify($context, $credentials);
diff --git a/core/lib/Service/TokenService.php b/core/lib/Service/TokenService.php
index ef22868..d9ca6a3 100644
--- a/core/lib/Service/TokenService.php
+++ b/core/lib/Service/TokenService.php
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace KTXC\Service;
 
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXF\Cache\CacheScope;
 use KTXF\Cache\EphemeralCacheInterface;
 
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class TokenService
     private string $algorithm = 'HS256';
 
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $sessionTenant,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
         private readonly EphemeralCacheInterface $cache,
     ) {
     }
diff --git a/core/lib/Service/UserAccountsService.php b/core/lib/Service/UserAccountsService.php
index 7936b5c..c29c9d0 100644
--- a/core/lib/Service/UserAccountsService.php
+++ b/core/lib/Service/UserAccountsService.php
@@ -3,16 +3,16 @@
 namespace KTXC\Service;
 
 use KTXC\Models\Identity\User;
-use KTXC\SessionIdentity;
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContextInterface;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXC\Stores\UserAccountsStore;
 
 class UserAccountsService
 {
     
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenantIdentity,
-		private readonly SessionIdentity $userIdentity,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
+		private readonly IdentityContextInterface $identityContext,
         private readonly UserAccountsStore $userStore
     ) {
     }
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class UserAccountsService
      */
     public function listUsers(array $filters = []): array
     {
-        $users = $this->userStore->listUsers($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $filters);
+        $users = $this->userStore->listUsers($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $filters);
         
         // Remove sensitive data
         foreach ($users as &$user) {
@@ -38,7 +38,7 @@ class UserAccountsService
 
     public function fetchByIdentity(string $identifier): User | null
     {
-        $data = $this->userStore->fetchByIdentity($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $identifier);
+        $data = $this->userStore->fetchByIdentity($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $identifier);
         if (!$data) {
             return null;
         }
@@ -50,32 +50,32 @@ class UserAccountsService
 
     public function fetchByIdentifier(string $identifier): array | null
     {
-        return $this->userStore->fetchByIdentifier($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $identifier);
+        return $this->userStore->fetchByIdentifier($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $identifier);
     }
 
     public function fetchByIdentityRaw(string $identifier): array | null
     {
-        return $this->userStore->fetchByIdentity($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $identifier);
+        return $this->userStore->fetchByIdentity($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $identifier);
     }
 
     public function fetchByProviderSubject(string $provider, string $subject): ?array
     {
-        return $this->userStore->fetchByProviderSubject($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $provider, $subject);
+        return $this->userStore->fetchByProviderSubject($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $provider, $subject);
     }
 
     public function createUser(array $userData): array
     {
-        return $this->userStore->createUser($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $userData);
+        return $this->userStore->createUser($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $userData);
     }
 
     public function updateUser(string $uid, array $updates): bool
     {
-        return $this->userStore->updateUser($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $uid, $updates);
+        return $this->userStore->updateUser($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $uid, $updates);
     }
 
     public function deleteUser(string $uid): bool
     {
-        return $this->userStore->deleteUser($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $uid);
+        return $this->userStore->deleteUser($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $uid);
     }
 
     // =========================================================================
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ class UserAccountsService
 
     public function fetchProfile(string $uid): ?array
     {
-        return $this->userStore->fetchProfile($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $uid);
+        return $this->userStore->fetchProfile($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $uid);
     }
 
     public function storeProfile(string $uid, array $profileFields): bool
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ class UserAccountsService
             return false;
         }
 
-        return $this->userStore->storeProfile($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $uid, $editableFields);
+        return $this->userStore->storeProfile($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $uid, $editableFields);
     }
 
     // =========================================================================
@@ -118,12 +118,12 @@ class UserAccountsService
 
     public function fetchSettings(array $settings = [], bool $flatten = false): array | null
     {
-        return $this->userStore->fetchSettings($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $this->userIdentity->identifier(), $settings, $flatten);
+        return $this->userStore->fetchSettings($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $this->identityContext->identifier(), $settings, $flatten);
     }
 
     public function storeSettings(array $settings): bool
     {
-        return $this->userStore->storeSettings($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $this->userIdentity->identifier(), $settings);
+        return $this->userStore->storeSettings($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $this->identityContext->identifier(), $settings);
     }
 
     // =========================================================================
diff --git a/core/lib/Service/UserRolesService.php b/core/lib/Service/UserRolesService.php
index 7383f93..e1ccfae 100644
--- a/core/lib/Service/UserRolesService.php
+++ b/core/lib/Service/UserRolesService.php
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace KTXC\Service;
 
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use KTXC\Stores\UserRolesStore;
 use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
 
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@ use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
 class UserRolesService
 {
     public function __construct(
-        private readonly SessionTenant $tenantIdentity,
+        private readonly TenantContextInterface $tenantContext,
         private readonly UserRolesStore $roleStore,
         private readonly LoggerInterface $logger
     ) {}
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ class UserRolesService
      */
     public function listRoles(): array
     {
-        return $this->roleStore->listRoles($this->tenantIdentity->identifier());
+        return $this->roleStore->listRoles($this->tenantContext->identifier());
     }
 
     /**
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class UserRolesService
      */
     public function getRole(string $rid): ?array
     {
-        return $this->roleStore->fetchByRid($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $rid);
+        return $this->roleStore->fetchByRid($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $rid);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -45,11 +45,11 @@ class UserRolesService
         $this->validateRoleData($roleData);
         
         $this->logger->info('Creating role', [
-            'tenant' => $this->tenantIdentity->identifier(),
+            'tenant' => $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
             'label' => $roleData['label'] ?? 'Unnamed'
         ]);
         
-        return $this->roleStore->createRole($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $roleData);
+        return $this->roleStore->createRole($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $roleData);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -70,11 +70,11 @@ class UserRolesService
         $this->validateRoleData($updates, false);
         
         $this->logger->info('Updating role', [
-            'tenant' => $this->tenantIdentity->identifier(),
+            'tenant' => $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
             'rid' => $rid
         ]);
         
-        return $this->roleStore->updateRole($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $rid, $updates);
+        return $this->roleStore->updateRole($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $rid, $updates);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -93,17 +93,17 @@ class UserRolesService
         }
         
         // Check if role is assigned to users
-        $userCount = $this->roleStore->countUsersInRole($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $rid);
+        $userCount = $this->roleStore->countUsersInRole($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $rid);
         if ($userCount > 0) {
             throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Cannot delete role assigned to {$userCount} user(s)");
         }
         
         $this->logger->info('Deleting role', [
-            'tenant' => $this->tenantIdentity->identifier(),
+            'tenant' => $this->tenantContext->identifier(),
             'rid' => $rid
         ]);
         
-        return $this->roleStore->deleteRole($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $rid);
+        return $this->roleStore->deleteRole($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $rid);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -111,7 +111,7 @@ class UserRolesService
      */
     public function getRoleUserCount(string $rid): int
     {
-        return $this->roleStore->countUsersInRole($this->tenantIdentity->identifier(), $rid);
+        return $this->roleStore->countUsersInRole($this->tenantContext->identifier(), $rid);
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/core/lib/SessionIdentity.php b/core/lib/SessionIdentity.php
deleted file mode 100644
index cbd7979..0000000
--- a/core/lib/SessionIdentity.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,94 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-namespace KTXC;
-
-use KTXC\Models\Identity\User;
-
-class SessionIdentity
-{
-    private bool $identityLock = false;
-    private ?User $identityData = null;
-
-    public function initialize(User $identity, bool $lock = true): void
-    {
-        if ($this->identityLock) {
-            throw new \RuntimeException('Identity is already locked and cannot be changed.');
-        }
-
-        $this->identityData = $identity;
-        $this->identityLock = $lock;
-    }
-
-    public function identity(): ?User
-    {
-        return $this->identityData;
-    }
-
-    public function identifier(): ?string
-    {
-        return $this->identityData?->getId();
-    }
-
-    public function label(): ?string
-    {
-        return $this->identityData?->getLabel();
-    }
-
-    public function mailAddress(): ?string
-    {
-        return $this->identityData?->getIdentity();
-    }
-
-    public function nameFirst(): ?string
-    {
-        return null;
-    }
-    
-    public function nameLast(): ?string
-    {
-        return null;
-    }
-
-    public function permissions(): array
-    {
-        return $this->identityData?->getPermissions() ?? [];
-    }
-
-    public function roles(): array
-    {
-        return $this->identityData?->getRoles() ?? [];
-    }
-
-    public function hasPermission(string $permission): bool
-    {
-        $permissions = $this->permissions();
-        
-        // Exact match
-        if (in_array($permission, $permissions)) {
-            return true;
-        }
-        
-        // Wildcard match
-        foreach ($permissions as $userPerm) {
-            if (str_ends_with($userPerm, '.*')) {
-                $prefix = substr($userPerm, 0, -2);
-                if (str_starts_with($permission, $prefix . '.')) {
-                    return true;
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        
-        // Full wildcard
-        if (in_array('*', $permissions)) {
-            return true;
-        }
-        
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    public function hasRole(string $role): bool
-    {
-        return in_array($role, $this->roles());
-    }
-
-}
diff --git a/core/lib/SessionTenant.php b/core/lib/SessionTenant.php
deleted file mode 100644
index 9a3244f..0000000
--- a/core/lib/SessionTenant.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,145 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-namespace KTXC;
-
-use KTXC\Models\Tenant\TenantConfiguration;
-use KTXC\Models\Tenant\TenantObject;
-use KTXC\Service\TenantService;
-
-class SessionTenant
-{
-    private ?TenantObject $tenant = null;
-    private ?string $domain = null;
-    private bool $configured = false;
-
-    public function __construct(
-        private readonly TenantService $tenantService
-    ) {}
-
-    /**
-     * Configure the tenant information
-     * This method is called by the SecurityMiddleware after validation
-     */
-    public function configure(string $domain): void
-    {
-        if ($this->configured) {
-            return;
-        }
-        $tenant = $this->tenantService->fetchByDomain($domain);
-        if ($tenant) {
-            $this->domain = $domain;
-            $this->tenant = $tenant;
-            $this->configured = true;
-        } else {
-            $this->domain = null;
-            $this->tenant = null;
-            $this->configured = false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Configure the tenant by its identifier (for console / CLI usage).
-     */
-    public function configureById(string $identifier): void
-    {
-        if ($this->configured) {
-            return;
-        }
-        $tenant = $this->tenantService->fetchById($identifier);
-        if ($tenant) {
-            $this->domain = $identifier;
-            $this->tenant = $tenant;
-            $this->configured = true;
-        } else {
-            $this->domain = null;
-            $this->tenant = null;
-            $this->configured = false;
-        }
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Is the tenant configured
-     */
-    public function configured(): bool
-    {
-        return $this->configured;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Is the tenant enabled
-     */
-    public function enabled(): bool
-    {
-        return $this->tenant?->getEnabled() ?? false;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Current tenant domain
-     */
-    public function domain(): ?string
-    {
-        return $this->domain;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Current tenant identifier
-     */
-    public function identifier(): ?string
-    {
-        return $this->tenant?->getIdentifier();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Current tenant label
-     */
-    public function label(): ?string
-    {
-        return $this->tenant?->getLabel();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Current tenant configuration
-     */
-    public function configuration(): TenantConfiguration
-    {
-        return $this->tenant?->getConfiguration();
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Current tenant settings
-     */
-    public function settings(): array
-    {
-        return $this->tenant?->getSettings() ?? [];
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get all identity providers configuration for this tenant
-     * @return array<string, array> Map of provider ID to provider config
-     */
-    public function identityProviders(): array
-    {
-        return $this->tenant?->getConfiguration()['identity']['providers'] ?? [];
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get configuration for a specific identity provider
-     * 
-     * @param string $providerId Provider identifier (e.g., 'default', 'oidc')
-     * @return array|null Provider configuration or null if not found
-     */
-    public function identityProviderConfig(string $providerId): ?array
-    {
-        $providers = $this->identityProviders();
-        return $providers[$providerId] ?? null;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Check if an identity provider is enabled for this tenant
-     */
-    public function isIdentityProviderEnabled(string $providerId): bool
-    {
-        $config = $this->identityProviderConfig($providerId);
-        return $config !== null && ($config['enabled'] ?? false);
-    }
-}
diff --git a/core/lib/index.php b/core/lib/index.php
index 824edf2..106724e 100644
--- a/core/lib/index.php
+++ b/core/lib/index.php
@@ -1,11 +1,9 @@
 <?php
 
-use KTXC\Server;
+use KTXC\Application;
 
 // Capture Composer ClassLoader instance for compatibility
 $composerLoader = require_once __DIR__ . '/../vendor/autoload.php';
 
-$server = new Server(dirname(__DIR__));
-Server::setComposerLoader($composerLoader);
-
-$server->runHttp();
\ No newline at end of file
+$application = Application::create(dirname(__DIR__), $composerLoader);
+$application->runHttp();
diff --git a/shared/lib/Cache/BlobCacheInterface.php b/shared/lib/Cache/BlobCacheInterface.php
index b408d18..23b03c6 100644
--- a/shared/lib/Cache/BlobCacheInterface.php
+++ b/shared/lib/Cache/BlobCacheInterface.php
@@ -14,6 +14,10 @@ namespace KTXF\Cache;
  */
 interface BlobCacheInterface
 {
+    public function setTenantContext(?string $tenantId): void;
+
+    public function setUserContext(?string $userId): void;
+
     /**
      * Default TTL for blob cache entries (7 days)
      */
diff --git a/shared/lib/Cache/CacheInterface.php b/shared/lib/Cache/CacheInterface.php
index 3835b42..c45d2ef 100644
--- a/shared/lib/Cache/CacheInterface.php
+++ b/shared/lib/Cache/CacheInterface.php
@@ -12,6 +12,10 @@ namespace KTXF\Cache;
  */
 interface CacheInterface
 {
+    public function setTenantContext(?string $tenantId): void;
+
+    public function setUserContext(?string $userId): void;
+
     /**
      * Retrieve an item from the cache
      * 
diff --git a/shared/lib/Event/DeferredEventProcessorInterface.php b/shared/lib/Event/DeferredEventProcessorInterface.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f094866
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared/lib/Event/DeferredEventProcessorInterface.php
@@ -0,0 +1,14 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXF\Event;
+
+interface DeferredEventProcessorInterface
+{
+    public function beginExecution(string $executionId): void;
+
+    public function processDeferred(string $executionId): DeferredProcessingResult;
+
+    public function discardDeferred(string $executionId): void;
+}
diff --git a/shared/lib/Event/DeferredProcessingResult.php b/shared/lib/Event/DeferredProcessingResult.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b5f1870
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared/lib/Event/DeferredProcessingResult.php
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXF\Event;
+
+final readonly class DeferredProcessingResult
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        public int $processed,
+        public int $remaining,
+        public bool $deadlineExceeded,
+        public bool $limitExceeded = false,
+    ) {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/shared/lib/Event/DeliveryMode.php b/shared/lib/Event/DeliveryMode.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..b8c7743
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared/lib/Event/DeliveryMode.php
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXF\Event;
+
+enum DeliveryMode: string
+{
+    case Immediate = 'immediate';
+    case Deferred = 'deferred';
+}
diff --git a/shared/lib/Event/EventBus.php b/shared/lib/Event/EventBus.php
deleted file mode 100644
index 750a2c7..0000000
--- a/shared/lib/Event/EventBus.php
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,186 +0,0 @@
-<?php
-
-declare(strict_types=1);
-
-namespace KTXF\Event;
-
-/**
- * Simple event bus for decoupled pub/sub communication between services
- * 
- * Features:
- * - Priority-based listener ordering
- * - Synchronous and asynchronous (deferred) event handling
- * - Event propagation control
- */
-class EventBus
-{
-    /** @var array<string, array<array{callback: callable, priority: int}>> */
-    private array $listeners = [];
-    
-    /** @var array<string, array<callable>> */
-    private array $asyncListeners = [];
-    
-    /** @var Event[] */
-    private array $deferredEvents = [];
-
-    /**
-     * Subscribe to an event with optional priority
-     * Higher priority listeners are called first
-     */
-    public function subscribe(string $eventName, callable $listener, int $priority = 0): self
-    {
-        $this->listeners[$eventName][] = [
-            'callback' => $listener,
-            'priority' => $priority,
-        ];
-        
-        // Sort by priority (higher first)
-        usort(
-            $this->listeners[$eventName],
-            fn($a, $b) => $b['priority'] <=> $a['priority']
-        );
-        
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Subscribe to an event for async/deferred processing
-     * These handlers run at the end of the request cycle
-     */
-    public function subscribeAsync(string $eventName, callable $listener): self
-    {
-        $this->asyncListeners[$eventName][] = $listener;
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Unsubscribe a listener from an event
-     */
-    public function unsubscribe(string $eventName, callable $listener): self
-    {
-        if (isset($this->listeners[$eventName])) {
-            $this->listeners[$eventName] = array_filter(
-                $this->listeners[$eventName],
-                fn($item) => $item['callback'] !== $listener
-            );
-        }
-        
-        if (isset($this->asyncListeners[$eventName])) {
-            $this->asyncListeners[$eventName] = array_filter(
-                $this->asyncListeners[$eventName],
-                fn($item) => $item !== $listener
-            );
-        }
-        
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Publish an event to all subscribers
-     */
-    public function publish(Event $event): self
-    {
-        $eventName = $event->getName();
-        
-        // Execute synchronous listeners
-        if (isset($this->listeners[$eventName])) {
-            foreach ($this->listeners[$eventName] as $listenerData) {
-                if ($event->isPropagationStopped()) {
-                    break;
-                }
-                
-                try {
-                    call_user_func($listenerData['callback'], $event);
-                } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-                    // Log error but don't break the chain
-                    error_log(sprintf(
-                        'Event listener error for %s: %s',
-                        $eventName,
-                        $e->getMessage()
-                    ));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        
-        // Queue for async processing if there are async listeners
-        if (isset($this->asyncListeners[$eventName]) && !empty($this->asyncListeners[$eventName])) {
-            $this->deferredEvents[] = $event;
-        }
-        
-        return $this;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Process deferred/async events
-     * Call this at the end of the request cycle
-     */
-    public function processDeferred(): int
-    {
-        $processed = 0;
-        
-        foreach ($this->deferredEvents as $event) {
-            $eventName = $event->getName();
-            
-            if (!isset($this->asyncListeners[$eventName])) {
-                continue;
-            }
-            
-            foreach ($this->asyncListeners[$eventName] as $listener) {
-                try {
-                    call_user_func($listener, $event);
-                    $processed++;
-                } catch (\Throwable $e) {
-                    // Log but don't fail - these are non-critical
-                    error_log(sprintf(
-                        'Async event handler error for %s: %s',
-                        $eventName,
-                        $e->getMessage()
-                    ));
-                }
-            }
-        }
-        
-        $this->deferredEvents = [];
-        
-        return $processed;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Check if an event has any listeners
-     */
-    public function hasListeners(string $eventName): bool
-    {
-        return !empty($this->listeners[$eventName]) || !empty($this->asyncListeners[$eventName]);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get count of listeners for an event
-     */
-    public function getListenerCount(string $eventName): int
-    {
-        $sync = isset($this->listeners[$eventName]) ? count($this->listeners[$eventName]) : 0;
-        $async = isset($this->asyncListeners[$eventName]) ? count($this->asyncListeners[$eventName]) : 0;
-        
-        return $sync + $async;
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Get count of pending deferred events
-     */
-    public function getDeferredCount(): int
-    {
-        return count($this->deferredEvents);
-    }
-
-    /**
-     * Clear all listeners (useful for testing)
-     */
-    public function clear(): self
-    {
-        $this->listeners = [];
-        $this->asyncListeners = [];
-        $this->deferredEvents = [];
-        
-        return $this;
-    }
-}
diff --git a/shared/lib/Event/EventDispatcher.php b/shared/lib/Event/EventDispatcher.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..d83e390
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared/lib/Event/EventDispatcher.php
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXF\Event;
+
+use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
+use Psr\Log\LoggerInterface;
+
+final class EventDispatcher implements EventDispatcherInterface, DeferredEventProcessorInterface
+{
+    /** @var array<string, list<Event>> */
+    private array $deferred = [];
+    private ?string $activeExecution = null;
+    private int $dispatchDepth = 0;
+
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly EventListenerRegistry $registry,
+        private readonly ContainerInterface $container,
+        private readonly LoggerInterface $logger,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function dispatch(Event $event): void
+    {
+        if (++$this->dispatchDepth > 32) {
+            --$this->dispatchDepth;
+            throw new \RuntimeException('Event dispatch recursion limit exceeded.');
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $this->invoke($event, DeliveryMode::Immediate);
+            if ($this->registry->listeners($event->getName(), DeliveryMode::Deferred) !== []) {
+                if ($this->activeExecution === null) {
+                    throw new \LogicException('Deferred events require an active execution scope.');
+                }
+                $this->deferred[$this->activeExecution][] = $event;
+            }
+        } finally {
+            --$this->dispatchDepth;
+        }
+    }
+
+    public function beginExecution(string $executionId): void
+    {
+        if ($this->activeExecution !== null) {
+            throw new \LogicException('An event execution scope is already active.');
+        }
+        $this->activeExecution = $executionId;
+        $this->deferred[$executionId] = [];
+    }
+
+    public function processDeferred(string $executionId): DeferredProcessingResult
+    {
+        if ($this->activeExecution !== $executionId) {
+            throw new \LogicException('Cannot process deferred events for an inactive execution.');
+        }
+
+        $processed = 0;
+        $deadline = microtime(true) + 1.0;
+        $deadlineExceeded = false;
+        $limitExceeded = false;
+        while (($event = array_shift($this->deferred[$executionId])) !== null) {
+            if ($processed >= 1000) {
+                $limitExceeded = true;
+                array_unshift($this->deferred[$executionId], $event);
+                break;
+            }
+            if (microtime(true) >= $deadline) {
+                $deadlineExceeded = true;
+                array_unshift($this->deferred[$executionId], $event);
+                break;
+            }
+            $processed += $this->invoke($event, DeliveryMode::Deferred);
+        }
+
+        $remaining = count($this->deferred[$executionId]);
+        unset($this->deferred[$executionId]);
+        $this->activeExecution = null;
+
+        return new DeferredProcessingResult(
+            $processed,
+            $remaining,
+            $deadlineExceeded,
+            $limitExceeded,
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function discardDeferred(string $executionId): void
+    {
+        unset($this->deferred[$executionId]);
+        if ($this->activeExecution === $executionId) {
+            $this->activeExecution = null;
+        }
+    }
+
+    private function invoke(Event $event, DeliveryMode $delivery): int
+    {
+        $processed = 0;
+        foreach ($this->registry->listeners($event->getName(), $delivery) as $listener) {
+            if ($event->isPropagationStopped()) {
+                break;
+            }
+
+            try {
+                $service = $this->container->get($listener->service);
+                $service->{$listener->method}($event);
+                $processed++;
+            } catch (\Throwable $error) {
+                $this->logger->error('Event listener failed.', [
+                    'event' => $event->getName(),
+                    'module' => $listener->module,
+                    'listener' => $listener->service . '::' . $listener->method,
+                    'exception' => $error,
+                ]);
+                if ($listener->failurePolicy === FailurePolicy::Propagate) {
+                    throw $error;
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $processed;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/shared/lib/Event/EventDispatcherInterface.php b/shared/lib/Event/EventDispatcherInterface.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..f15b21d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared/lib/Event/EventDispatcherInterface.php
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXF\Event;
+
+interface EventDispatcherInterface
+{
+    public function dispatch(Event $event): void;
+}
diff --git a/shared/lib/Event/EventListenerDefinition.php b/shared/lib/Event/EventListenerDefinition.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fd0614c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared/lib/Event/EventListenerDefinition.php
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXF\Event;
+
+final readonly class EventListenerDefinition
+{
+    /**
+     * @param class-string $service
+     */
+    public function __construct(
+        public string $module,
+        public string $event,
+        public string $service,
+        public string $method,
+        public DeliveryMode $delivery,
+        public int $priority,
+        public FailurePolicy $failurePolicy,
+    ) {
+    }
+}
diff --git a/shared/lib/Event/EventListenerRegistry.php b/shared/lib/Event/EventListenerRegistry.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..624b189
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared/lib/Event/EventListenerRegistry.php
@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXF\Event;
+
+use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
+
+final class EventListenerRegistry
+{
+    /** @var array<string, list<EventListenerDefinition>> */
+    private array $listeners = [];
+    /** @var array<string, true> */
+    private array $registrationIds = [];
+    private bool $frozen = false;
+
+    /**
+     * @param class-string $service
+     */
+    public function listen(
+        string $module,
+        string $event,
+        string $service,
+        string $method,
+        DeliveryMode $delivery = DeliveryMode::Immediate,
+        int $priority = 0,
+        FailurePolicy $failurePolicy = FailurePolicy::Continue,
+    ): void {
+        if ($this->frozen) {
+            throw new \LogicException('The event listener registry is frozen.');
+        }
+        if ($module === '' || $event === '' || $service === '' || $method === '') {
+            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Event listener registrations require module, event, service, and method.');
+        }
+        if (!class_exists($service) || !method_exists($service, $method)) {
+            throw new \InvalidArgumentException("Invalid event listener {$service}::{$method}.");
+        }
+        if ($priority < -10000 || $priority > 10000) {
+            throw new \InvalidArgumentException('Event listener priority must be between -10000 and 10000.');
+        }
+
+        $id = implode('|', [$module, $event, $service, $method, $delivery->value]);
+        if (isset($this->registrationIds[$id])) {
+            throw new \LogicException("Duplicate event listener registration: {$id}.");
+        }
+        $this->registrationIds[$id] = true;
+
+        $this->listeners[$event][] = new EventListenerDefinition(
+            $module,
+            $event,
+            $service,
+            $method,
+            $delivery,
+            $priority,
+            $failurePolicy,
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function freeze(?ContainerInterface $container = null): void
+    {
+        foreach ($this->listeners as &$listeners) {
+            if ($container !== null) {
+                foreach ($listeners as $listener) {
+                    if (!$container->has($listener->service)) {
+                        throw new \LogicException(
+                            "Event listener service is not resolvable: {$listener->service}.",
+                        );
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            usort(
+                $listeners,
+                static fn(EventListenerDefinition $a, EventListenerDefinition $b): int =>
+                    $b->priority <=> $a->priority,
+            );
+        }
+        unset($listeners);
+        $this->frozen = true;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return list<EventListenerDefinition>
+     */
+    public function listeners(string $event, DeliveryMode $delivery): array
+    {
+        return array_values(array_filter(
+            $this->listeners[$event] ?? [],
+            static fn(EventListenerDefinition $listener): bool => $listener->delivery === $delivery,
+        ));
+    }
+
+    public function frozen(): bool
+    {
+        return $this->frozen;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return list<EventListenerDefinition>
+     */
+    public function definitions(): array
+    {
+        return array_merge(...array_values($this->listeners));
+    }
+}
diff --git a/shared/lib/Event/FailurePolicy.php b/shared/lib/Event/FailurePolicy.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..7943953
--- /dev/null
+++ b/shared/lib/Event/FailurePolicy.php
@@ -0,0 +1,11 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXF\Event;
+
+enum FailurePolicy: string
+{
+    case Continue = 'continue';
+    case Propagate = 'propagate';
+}
diff --git a/shared/lib/Security/Crypto.php b/shared/lib/Security/Crypto.php
index 6b78ba7..b142fd9 100644
--- a/shared/lib/Security/Crypto.php
+++ b/shared/lib/Security/Crypto.php
@@ -2,7 +2,7 @@
 
 namespace KTXF\Security;
 
-use KTXC\SessionTenant;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContextInterface;
 use phpseclib3\Crypt\AES;
 
 /**
@@ -27,7 +27,7 @@ class Crypto
     private const ENCODING_HEADER_VERSION = 1;
     private const ENCODING_HEADER_LEN = 14;
 
-    public function __construct(protected SessionTenant $sessionTenant)
+    public function __construct(protected TenantContextInterface $tenantContext)
     { }
 
     /**
@@ -136,7 +136,7 @@ class Crypto
 
     private function tenantSecret(): ?string
     {
-        $config = $this->sessionTenant->configuration();
+        $config = $this->tenantContext->configuration();
         return $config->security()->code();
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/php/Unit/Application/KernelTest.php b/tests/php/Unit/Application/KernelTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..294b9e4
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/php/Unit/Application/KernelTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,213 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXT\Unit\Application;
+
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionDescriptor;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionOutcome;
+use KTXC\Application\KernelOptions;
+use KTXC\Application\ProjectPaths;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContext;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContext;
+use KTXC\Injection\Container;
+use KTXC\Kernel;
+use KTXC\Module\ModuleManager;
+use KTXC\Service\TenantService;
+use KTXF\Cache\BlobCacheInterface;
+use KTXF\Cache\EphemeralCacheInterface;
+use KTXF\Cache\PersistentCacheInterface;
+use KTXF\Event\DeferredEventProcessorInterface;
+use KTXF\Event\DeferredProcessingResult;
+use KTXF\Event\EventListenerRegistry;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\Test;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\TestDox;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\MockObject\MockObject;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+
+final class KernelTest extends TestCase
+{
+    /** @var list<Kernel> */
+    private array $kernels = [];
+
+    protected function tearDown(): void
+    {
+        foreach ($this->kernels as $kernel) {
+            try {
+                $kernel->shutdown();
+            } catch (\LogicException) {
+                // Tests that intentionally leave a scope active terminate it themselves.
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Kernel boot is idempotent and freezes one registry')]
+    public function bootsOnce(): void
+    {
+        [$kernel, $modules, $registry] = $this->kernel();
+
+        $kernel->boot();
+        $kernel->boot();
+
+        self::assertTrue($registry->frozen());
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Beginning execution boots the kernel automatically')]
+    public function bootsOnExecution(): void
+    {
+        [$kernel, $modules] = $this->kernel();
+
+        $scope = $kernel->beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor::cli());
+        $kernel->terminateExecution($scope, ExecutionOutcome::success());
+
+        self::assertTrue($scope->terminated());
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Only one execution scope can be active')]
+    public function rejectsConcurrentScopes(): void
+    {
+        [$kernel] = $this->kernel();
+        $scope = $kernel->beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor::cli());
+
+        try {
+            $kernel->beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor::http());
+            self::fail('Expected the second execution scope to be rejected.');
+        } catch (\LogicException) {
+            self::assertFalse($scope->terminated());
+        } finally {
+            $kernel->terminateExecution($scope, ExecutionOutcome::success());
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Repeated termination does not repeat side effects')]
+    public function terminatesOnce(): void
+    {
+        $processor = new RecordingProcessor();
+        [$kernel] = $this->kernel($processor);
+        $scope = $kernel->beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor::cli());
+
+        $first = $kernel->terminateExecution($scope, ExecutionOutcome::success());
+        $second = $kernel->terminateExecution($scope, ExecutionOutcome::success());
+
+        self::assertSame(1, $processor->processed);
+        self::assertSame(1, $first->deferredProcessed);
+        self::assertSame(0, $second->deferredProcessed);
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Shutdown rejects active execution scopes')]
+    public function rejectsActiveShutdown(): void
+    {
+        [$kernel] = $this->kernel();
+        $scope = $kernel->beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor::cli());
+
+        try {
+            $kernel->shutdown();
+            self::fail('Expected active shutdown to be rejected.');
+        } catch (\LogicException) {
+            self::assertFalse($scope->terminated());
+        } finally {
+            $kernel->terminateExecution($scope, ExecutionOutcome::success());
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Deferred failures are reported and the next execution can start')]
+    public function recoversFromDeferredFailure(): void
+    {
+        $processor = new RecordingProcessor();
+        $processor->failure = new \RuntimeException('Deferred processing failed.');
+        [$kernel] = $this->kernel($processor);
+        $first = $kernel->beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor::cli());
+
+        $report = $kernel->terminateExecution($first, ExecutionOutcome::success());
+        $processor->failure = null;
+        $second = $kernel->beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor::cli());
+        $kernel->terminateExecution($second, ExecutionOutcome::success());
+
+        self::assertCount(1, $report->failures);
+        self::assertTrue($first->terminated());
+        self::assertTrue($second->terminated());
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * @return array{TestKernel, ModuleManager&MockObject, EventListenerRegistry}
+     */
+    private function kernel(?RecordingProcessor $processor = null): array
+    {
+        $modules = $this->createMock(ModuleManager::class);
+        $modules->expects(self::once())->method('modulesBoot');
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+        $processor ??= new RecordingProcessor();
+        $container = new Container();
+        $container->set(ModuleManager::class, $modules);
+        $container->set(EventListenerRegistry::class, $registry);
+        $container->set(DeferredEventProcessorInterface::class, $processor);
+        $container->set(
+            TenantContext::class,
+            new TenantContext($this->createStub(TenantService::class)),
+        );
+        $container->set(IdentityContext::class, new IdentityContext());
+        $container->set(EphemeralCacheInterface::class, $this->createStub(EphemeralCacheInterface::class));
+        $container->set(PersistentCacheInterface::class, $this->createStub(PersistentCacheInterface::class));
+        $container->set(BlobCacheInterface::class, $this->createStub(BlobCacheInterface::class));
+
+        $kernel = new TestKernel(
+            new KernelOptions(ProjectPaths::resolve(dirname(__DIR__, 4)), 'test'),
+            $container,
+        );
+        $this->kernels[] = $kernel;
+
+        return [$kernel, $modules, $registry];
+    }
+}
+
+final class TestKernel extends Kernel
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        KernelOptions $options,
+        private readonly Container $testContainer,
+    ) {
+        parent::__construct($options, ['log' => ['driver' => 'null']]);
+    }
+
+    protected function initializeContainer(): Container
+    {
+        return $this->testContainer;
+    }
+}
+
+final class RecordingProcessor implements DeferredEventProcessorInterface
+{
+    public int $processed = 0;
+    public ?\Throwable $failure = null;
+    private ?string $active = null;
+
+    public function beginExecution(string $executionId): void
+    {
+        if ($this->active !== null) {
+            throw new \LogicException('Execution already active.');
+        }
+        $this->active = $executionId;
+    }
+
+    public function processDeferred(string $executionId): DeferredProcessingResult
+    {
+        if ($this->failure !== null) {
+            throw $this->failure;
+        }
+        $this->active = null;
+        $this->processed++;
+
+        return new DeferredProcessingResult(1, 0, false);
+    }
+
+    public function discardDeferred(string $executionId): void
+    {
+        $this->active = null;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/php/Unit/Application/ProjectPathsTest.php b/tests/php/Unit/Application/ProjectPathsTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..5dc37de
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/php/Unit/Application/ProjectPathsTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXT\Unit\Application;
+
+use KTXC\Application\KernelOptions;
+use KTXC\Application\ProjectPaths;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\Test;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\TestDox;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+
+final class ProjectPathsTest extends TestCase
+{
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Project roots resolve identically from nested entrypoints')]
+    public function resolves(): void
+    {
+        $root = dirname(__DIR__, 4);
+        $fromRoot = ProjectPaths::resolve($root);
+        $fromCore = ProjectPaths::resolve($root . '/core/lib/index.php');
+        $fromConsole = ProjectPaths::resolve($root . '/bin/console');
+
+        self::assertSame($fromRoot->project, $fromCore->project);
+        self::assertSame($fromRoot->project, $fromConsole->project);
+        self::assertSame($fromRoot->modules(), $fromCore->modules());
+        self::assertSame($fromRoot->logs(), $fromConsole->logs());
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Missing project roots are rejected')]
+    public function rejectsMissingRoots(): void
+    {
+        $this->expectException(\InvalidArgumentException::class);
+        ProjectPaths::resolve(sys_get_temp_dir());
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Empty kernel environments are rejected')]
+    public function rejectsEmptyEnvironments(): void
+    {
+        $this->expectException(\InvalidArgumentException::class);
+        new KernelOptions(ProjectPaths::resolve(dirname(__DIR__, 4)), '');
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/php/Unit/Console/Tenant/TenantCreateCommandTest.php b/tests/php/Unit/Console/Tenant/TenantCreateCommandTest.php
index a2820e8..554cd7e 100644
--- a/tests/php/Unit/Console/Tenant/TenantCreateCommandTest.php
+++ b/tests/php/Unit/Console/Tenant/TenantCreateCommandTest.php
@@ -7,23 +7,38 @@ namespace KTXT\Unit\Console\Tenant;
 use KTXC\Console\Tenant\TenantCreateCommand;
 use KTXC\Models\Tenant\TenantObject;
 use KTXC\Service\TenantService;
+use KTXC\Stores\UserAccountsStore;
+use KTXC\Stores\UserRolesStore;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\MockObject\MockObject;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\AllowMockObjectsWithoutExpectations;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
 use Psr\Log\NullLogger;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Tester\CommandTester;
 
+#[AllowMockObjectsWithoutExpectations]
 class TenantCreateCommandTest extends TestCase
 {
     private TenantService&MockObject $tenantService;
+    private UserRolesStore $rolesStore;
+    private UserAccountsStore $userStore;
     private CommandTester $tester;
     private ?TenantObject $deposited = null;
 
     protected function setUp(): void
     {
         $this->tenantService = $this->createMock(TenantService::class);
+        $this->rolesStore = $this->createStub(UserRolesStore::class);
+        $this->rolesStore->method('createRole')->willReturn(['rid' => 'admin']);
+        $this->userStore = $this->createStub(UserAccountsStore::class);
+        $this->userStore->method('createUser')->willReturn(['uid' => 'admin']);
         $this->tester = new CommandTester(
-            new TenantCreateCommand($this->tenantService, new NullLogger())
+            new TenantCreateCommand(
+                $this->tenantService,
+                $this->rolesStore,
+                $this->userStore,
+                new NullLogger(),
+            )
         );
     }
 
diff --git a/tests/php/Unit/Console/Tenant/TenantListCommandTest.php b/tests/php/Unit/Console/Tenant/TenantListCommandTest.php
index 3e89692..c033e33 100644
--- a/tests/php/Unit/Console/Tenant/TenantListCommandTest.php
+++ b/tests/php/Unit/Console/Tenant/TenantListCommandTest.php
@@ -8,19 +8,18 @@ use KTXC\Console\Tenant\TenantListCommand;
 use KTXC\Models\Tenant\DomainCollection;
 use KTXC\Models\Tenant\TenantObject;
 use KTXC\Service\TenantService;
-use PHPUnit\Framework\MockObject\MockObject;
 use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command;
 use Symfony\Component\Console\Tester\CommandTester;
 
 class TenantListCommandTest extends TestCase
 {
-    private TenantService&MockObject $tenantService;
+    private TenantService $tenantService;
     private CommandTester $tester;
 
     protected function setUp(): void
     {
-        $this->tenantService = $this->createMock(TenantService::class);
+        $this->tenantService = $this->createStub(TenantService::class);
         $this->tester = new CommandTester(
             new TenantListCommand($this->tenantService)
         );
diff --git a/tests/php/Unit/Event/EventDispatcherTest.php b/tests/php/Unit/Event/EventDispatcherTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..1b25791
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/php/Unit/Event/EventDispatcherTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,268 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXT\Unit\Event;
+
+use KTXF\Event\DeliveryMode;
+use KTXF\Event\Event;
+use KTXF\Event\EventDispatcher;
+use KTXF\Event\EventListenerRegistry;
+use KTXF\Event\FailurePolicy;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\Test;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\TestDox;
+use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
+use Psr\Log\NullLogger;
+
+final class EventDispatcherTest extends TestCase
+{
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Listeners are lazy and deferred events stay in their execution')]
+    public function dispatches(): void
+    {
+        $listener = new RecordingListener();
+        $container = new RecordingContainer([RecordingListener::class => $listener]);
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+        $registry->listen('test', 'test.event', RecordingListener::class, 'immediate');
+        $registry->listen(
+            'test',
+            'test.event',
+            RecordingListener::class,
+            'deferred',
+            DeliveryMode::Deferred,
+        );
+        $registry->freeze();
+
+        self::assertSame(0, $container->resolutions);
+
+        $dispatcher = new EventDispatcher($registry, $container, new NullLogger());
+        $dispatcher->beginExecution('first');
+        $dispatcher->dispatch(new Event('test.event'));
+
+        self::assertSame(1, $listener->immediate);
+        self::assertSame(0, $listener->deferred);
+
+        $result = $dispatcher->processDeferred('first');
+        self::assertSame(1, $result->processed);
+        self::assertSame(1, $listener->deferred);
+
+        $dispatcher->beginExecution('second');
+        $second = $dispatcher->processDeferred('second');
+        self::assertSame(0, $second->processed);
+        self::assertSame(0, $second->remaining);
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Frozen registries reject new listeners')]
+    public function freezes(): void
+    {
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+        $registry->freeze();
+
+        $this->expectException(\LogicException::class);
+        $registry->listen('test', 'test.event', RecordingListener::class, 'immediate');
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Duplicate listener registrations are rejected')]
+    public function rejectsDuplicates(): void
+    {
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+        $registry->listen('test', 'test.event', RecordingListener::class, 'immediate');
+
+        $this->expectException(\LogicException::class);
+        $registry->listen('test', 'test.event', RecordingListener::class, 'immediate');
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Invalid listener methods are rejected during registration')]
+    public function validatesMethods(): void
+    {
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+
+        $this->expectException(\InvalidArgumentException::class);
+        $registry->listen('test', 'test.event', RecordingListener::class, 'missing');
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Unresolvable listener services fail registry compilation')]
+    public function validatesServices(): void
+    {
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+        $registry->listen('test', 'test.event', RecordingListener::class, 'immediate');
+
+        $this->expectException(\LogicException::class);
+        $registry->freeze(new RecordingContainer([]));
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Listener priority determines dispatch order')]
+    public function prioritizes(): void
+    {
+        $listener = new RecordingListener();
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+        $registry->listen('test', 'test.event', RecordingListener::class, 'low', priority: 1);
+        $registry->listen('test', 'test.event', RecordingListener::class, 'high', priority: 100);
+        $registry->freeze();
+
+        $dispatcher = new EventDispatcher(
+            $registry,
+            new RecordingContainer([RecordingListener::class => $listener]),
+            new NullLogger(),
+        );
+        $dispatcher->beginExecution('test');
+        $dispatcher->dispatch(new Event('test.event'));
+        $dispatcher->processDeferred('test');
+
+        self::assertSame(['high', 'low'], $listener->order);
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Continue failures do not prevent later listeners')]
+    public function continues(): void
+    {
+        $listener = new RecordingListener();
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+        $registry->listen('test', 'test.event', FailingListener::class, 'fail');
+        $registry->listen('test', 'test.event', RecordingListener::class, 'immediate');
+        $registry->freeze();
+
+        $dispatcher = new EventDispatcher(
+            $registry,
+            new RecordingContainer([
+                FailingListener::class => new FailingListener(),
+                RecordingListener::class => $listener,
+            ]),
+            new NullLogger(),
+        );
+        $dispatcher->beginExecution('test');
+        $dispatcher->dispatch(new Event('test.event'));
+
+        self::assertSame(1, $listener->immediate);
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Propagate failures reach the publisher')]
+    public function propagates(): void
+    {
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+        $registry->listen(
+            'test',
+            'test.event',
+            FailingListener::class,
+            'fail',
+            failurePolicy: FailurePolicy::Propagate,
+        );
+        $registry->freeze();
+
+        $dispatcher = new EventDispatcher(
+            $registry,
+            new RecordingContainer([FailingListener::class => new FailingListener()]),
+            new NullLogger(),
+        );
+        $dispatcher->beginExecution('test');
+
+        $this->expectException(\RuntimeException::class);
+        $dispatcher->dispatch(new Event('test.event'));
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Deferred processing stops at its configured count limit')]
+    public function boundsDeferredWork(): void
+    {
+        $listener = new RecursiveListener();
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+        $registry->listen(
+            'test',
+            'test.event',
+            RecursiveListener::class,
+            'deferred',
+            DeliveryMode::Deferred,
+        );
+        $registry->freeze();
+        $dispatcher = new EventDispatcher(
+            $registry,
+            new RecordingContainer([RecursiveListener::class => $listener]),
+            new NullLogger(),
+        );
+        $listener->dispatcher = $dispatcher;
+        $dispatcher->beginExecution('test');
+        $dispatcher->dispatch(new Event('test.event'));
+
+        $result = $dispatcher->processDeferred('test');
+
+        self::assertSame(1000, $result->processed);
+        self::assertSame(1, $result->remaining);
+        self::assertFalse($result->deadlineExceeded);
+        self::assertTrue($result->limitExceeded);
+    }
+}
+
+final class RecordingListener
+{
+    public int $immediate = 0;
+    public int $deferred = 0;
+    public array $order = [];
+
+    public function immediate(Event $event): void
+    {
+        $this->immediate++;
+    }
+
+    public function deferred(Event $event): void
+    {
+        $this->deferred++;
+    }
+
+    public function high(Event $event): void
+    {
+        $this->order[] = 'high';
+    }
+
+    public function low(Event $event): void
+    {
+        $this->order[] = 'low';
+    }
+}
+
+final class FailingListener
+{
+    public function fail(Event $event): void
+    {
+        throw new \RuntimeException('Listener failed.');
+    }
+}
+
+final class RecursiveListener
+{
+    public EventDispatcher $dispatcher;
+
+    public function deferred(Event $event): void
+    {
+        $this->dispatcher->dispatch(new Event('test.event'));
+    }
+}
+
+final class RecordingContainer implements ContainerInterface
+{
+    public int $resolutions = 0;
+
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly array $services,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function get(string $id): mixed
+    {
+        $this->resolutions++;
+
+        return $this->services[$id]
+            ?? throw new \RuntimeException("Service not found: {$id}");
+    }
+
+    public function has(string $id): bool
+    {
+        return array_key_exists($id, $this->services);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/php/Unit/Execution/ExecutionScopeTest.php b/tests/php/Unit/Execution/ExecutionScopeTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3cd833d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/php/Unit/Execution/ExecutionScopeTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXT\Unit\Execution;
+
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionContext;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionDescriptor;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionScope;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContext;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContext;
+use KTXC\Models\Identity\User;
+use KTXC\Models\Tenant\TenantObject;
+use KTXC\Service\TenantService;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\Test;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\TestDox;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+
+final class ExecutionScopeTest extends TestCase
+{
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Disposal clears tenant and identity state')]
+    public function clears(): void
+    {
+        $tenantObject = (new TenantObject())
+            ->setIdentifier('tenant-a')
+            ->setEnabled(true);
+        $service = $this->createStub(TenantService::class);
+        $service->method('fetchById')->willReturn($tenantObject);
+        $tenant = new TenantContext($service);
+        $identity = new IdentityContext();
+        $descriptor = ExecutionDescriptor::cli();
+        $scope = new ExecutionScope(
+            $descriptor,
+            ExecutionContext::fromDescriptor($descriptor),
+            $tenant,
+            $identity,
+        );
+
+        $tenant->resolveIdentifier('tenant-a');
+        $user = new User();
+        $user->setId('user-a');
+        $identity->initialize($user);
+        $scope->dispose();
+
+        self::assertFalse($tenant->present());
+        self::assertFalse($identity->present());
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('New scopes cannot see state from an earlier execution')]
+    public function isolates(): void
+    {
+        $tenantObject = (new TenantObject())
+            ->setIdentifier('tenant-a')
+            ->setEnabled(true);
+        $service = $this->createStub(TenantService::class);
+        $service->method('fetchById')->willReturn($tenantObject);
+        $tenant = new TenantContext($service);
+        $identity = new IdentityContext();
+
+        $tenant->resolveIdentifier('tenant-a');
+        $identity->initialize(new User());
+
+        $descriptor = ExecutionDescriptor::cli();
+        new ExecutionScope(
+            $descriptor,
+            ExecutionContext::fromDescriptor($descriptor),
+            $tenant,
+            $identity,
+        );
+
+        self::assertFalse($tenant->present());
+        self::assertFalse($identity->present());
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Execution scopes can only be marked terminated once')]
+    public function terminatesOnce(): void
+    {
+        $descriptor = ExecutionDescriptor::cli();
+        $scope = new ExecutionScope(
+            $descriptor,
+            ExecutionContext::fromDescriptor($descriptor),
+            new TenantContext($this->createStub(TenantService::class)),
+            new IdentityContext(),
+        );
+        $scope->markTerminated();
+
+        $this->expectException(\LogicException::class);
+        $scope->markTerminated();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/php/Unit/Module/CoreModuleTest.php b/tests/php/Unit/Module/CoreModuleTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..fa7ae23
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/php/Unit/Module/CoreModuleTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,46 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXT\Unit\Module;
+
+use KTXC\Console\Event\EventsDebugCommand;
+use KTXC\Module\Module;
+use KTXC\Service\FirewallService;
+use KTXF\Event\DeliveryMode;
+use KTXF\Event\EventListenerRegistry;
+use KTXF\Event\SecurityEvent;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\Test;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\TestDox;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+
+final class CoreModuleTest extends TestCase
+{
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Core boot registers owned listeners without resolving services')]
+    public function registersListeners(): void
+    {
+        $registry = new EventListenerRegistry();
+        $module = new Module($registry);
+
+        $module->boot();
+        $definitions = $registry->definitions();
+
+        self::assertCount(5, $definitions);
+        self::assertSame(['core'], array_values(array_unique(array_column($definitions, 'module'))));
+        self::assertSame(
+            FirewallService::class,
+            $registry->listeners(SecurityEvent::AUTH_FAILURE, DeliveryMode::Immediate)[0]->service,
+        );
+        self::assertFalse($registry->frozen());
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Core exposes the event registry debug command')]
+    public function exposesDebugCommand(): void
+    {
+        $module = new Module(new EventListenerRegistry());
+
+        self::assertContains(EventsDebugCommand::class, $module->registerCI());
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/php/Unit/Runtime/ConsoleRuntimeTest.php b/tests/php/Unit/Runtime/ConsoleRuntimeTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..87fdb69
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/php/Unit/Runtime/ConsoleRuntimeTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXT\Unit\Runtime;
+
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionContext;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionDescriptor;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionOutcome;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionScope;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\TerminationReport;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContext;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContext;
+use KTXC\KernelInterface;
+use KTXC\Module\ModuleCollection;
+use KTXC\Module\ModuleManager;
+use KTXC\Runtime\Console\ConsoleRuntime;
+use KTXC\Service\TenantService;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\Test;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\TestDox;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\ArrayInput;
+use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\BufferedOutput;
+
+final class ConsoleRuntimeTest extends TestCase
+{
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Successful commands preserve their exit code and terminate')]
+    public function succeeds(): void
+    {
+        $modules = $this->createStub(ModuleManager::class);
+        $modules->method('list')->willReturn(new ModuleCollection());
+        $kernel = $this->kernel(new ConsoleContainer([ModuleManager::class => $modules]));
+
+        $exitCode = (new ConsoleRuntime($kernel))->run(
+            new ArrayInput(['command' => 'list', '--raw' => true]),
+            new BufferedOutput(),
+        );
+
+        self::assertSame(0, $exitCode);
+        self::assertSame(1, $kernel->terminations);
+        self::assertTrue($kernel->outcome?->successful);
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Console failures terminate before being rethrown')]
+    public function fails(): void
+    {
+        $kernel = $this->kernel(new ConsoleContainer([], new \RuntimeException('Discovery failed.')));
+
+        try {
+            (new ConsoleRuntime($kernel))->run(
+                new ArrayInput(['command' => 'list']),
+                new BufferedOutput(),
+            );
+            self::fail('Expected console discovery to fail.');
+        } catch (\RuntimeException $error) {
+            self::assertSame('Discovery failed.', $error->getMessage());
+        }
+
+        self::assertSame(1, $kernel->terminations);
+        self::assertFalse($kernel->outcome?->successful);
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Deferred termination failures do not replace command exit codes')]
+    public function preservesExitCodes(): void
+    {
+        $modules = $this->createStub(ModuleManager::class);
+        $modules->method('list')->willReturn(new ModuleCollection());
+        $kernel = $this->kernel(new ConsoleContainer([ModuleManager::class => $modules]));
+        $kernel->terminationReport = new TerminationReport(
+            failures: [new \RuntimeException('Deferred listener failed.')],
+        );
+
+        $exitCode = (new ConsoleRuntime($kernel))->run(
+            new ArrayInput(['command' => 'list', '--raw' => true]),
+            new BufferedOutput(),
+        );
+
+        self::assertSame(0, $exitCode);
+    }
+
+    private function kernel(ContainerInterface $container): ConsoleKernel
+    {
+        return new ConsoleKernel(
+            $container,
+            new TenantContext($this->createStub(TenantService::class)),
+            new IdentityContext(),
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+final class ConsoleKernel implements KernelInterface
+{
+    public int $terminations = 0;
+    public ?ExecutionOutcome $outcome = null;
+    public TerminationReport $terminationReport;
+
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly ContainerInterface $services,
+        private readonly TenantContext $tenantContext,
+        private readonly IdentityContext $identityContext,
+    ) {
+        $this->terminationReport = new TerminationReport();
+    }
+
+    public function boot(): void
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor $descriptor): ExecutionScope
+    {
+        return new ExecutionScope(
+            $descriptor,
+            ExecutionContext::fromDescriptor($descriptor),
+            $this->tenantContext,
+            $this->identityContext,
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function terminateExecution(
+        ExecutionScope $scope,
+        ExecutionOutcome $outcome,
+    ): TerminationReport {
+        $this->terminations++;
+        $this->outcome = $outcome;
+        $scope->dispose();
+        $scope->markTerminated();
+
+        return $this->terminationReport;
+    }
+
+    public function shutdown(): void
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function container(): ContainerInterface
+    {
+        return $this->services;
+    }
+
+    public function environment(): string
+    {
+        return 'test';
+    }
+
+    public function debug(): bool
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+final class ConsoleContainer implements ContainerInterface
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly array $services,
+        private readonly ?\Throwable $failure = null,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function get(string $id): mixed
+    {
+        if ($this->failure !== null) {
+            throw $this->failure;
+        }
+
+        return $this->services[$id];
+    }
+
+    public function has(string $id): bool
+    {
+        return isset($this->services[$id]);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/php/Unit/Runtime/HttpRuntimeTest.php b/tests/php/Unit/Runtime/HttpRuntimeTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..3c637f5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/php/Unit/Runtime/HttpRuntimeTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,252 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace KTXT\Unit\Runtime;
+
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionContext;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionDescriptor;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionOutcome;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\ExecutionScope;
+use KTXC\Application\Execution\TerminationReport;
+use KTXC\Context\IdentityContext;
+use KTXC\Context\TenantContext;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\AuthenticationMiddleware;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\FirewallMiddleware;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\MiddlewareInterface;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\RequestHandlerInterface;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\RouterMiddleware;
+use KTXC\Http\Middleware\TenantMiddleware;
+use KTXC\Http\Request\Request;
+use KTXC\Http\Response\Response;
+use KTXC\Http\Response\StreamedResponse;
+use KTXC\KernelInterface;
+use KTXC\Runtime\Http\HttpRuntime;
+use KTXC\Service\TenantService;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\Test;
+use PHPUnit\Framework\Attributes\TestDox;
+use Psr\Container\ContainerInterface;
+
+final class HttpRuntimeTest extends TestCase
+{
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Stream callbacks run before execution termination')]
+    public function streams(): void
+    {
+        $kernel = null;
+        $kernel = new RuntimeKernel(
+            new RuntimeContainer([
+                TenantMiddleware::class => new PassMiddleware(),
+                FirewallMiddleware::class => new PassMiddleware(),
+                AuthenticationMiddleware::class => new PassMiddleware(),
+                RouterMiddleware::class => new StreamMiddleware(
+                    static function () use (&$kernel): bool {
+                        return $kernel->active;
+                    },
+                ),
+            ]),
+            new TenantContext($this->createStub(TenantService::class)),
+            new IdentityContext(),
+        );
+
+        ob_start();
+        try {
+            (new HttpRuntime($kernel, false))->run(Request::create('/stream'));
+            $content = ob_get_contents();
+        } finally {
+            ob_end_clean();
+        }
+
+        self::assertSame('active', $content);
+        self::assertFalse($kernel->active);
+        self::assertSame(1, $kernel->terminations);
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Successful HTTP handling terminates exactly once')]
+    public function succeeds(): void
+    {
+        $kernel = $this->kernel(new ResponseMiddleware(new Response('ok', 200)));
+        $response = (new HttpRuntime($kernel, false))->handle(Request::create('/'));
+
+        self::assertSame(200, $response->getStatusCode());
+        self::assertSame('ok', $response->getContent());
+        self::assertSame(1, $kernel->terminations);
+        self::assertTrue($kernel->outcome?->successful);
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('HTTP exceptions render a response and still terminate')]
+    public function fails(): void
+    {
+        $kernel = $this->kernel(new ThrowingMiddleware());
+        $previousLog = ini_get('error_log');
+        ini_set('error_log', '/dev/null');
+        try {
+            $response = (new HttpRuntime($kernel, false))->handle(Request::create('/'));
+        } finally {
+            ini_set('error_log', (string) $previousLog);
+        }
+
+        self::assertSame(500, $response->getStatusCode());
+        self::assertSame(1, $kernel->terminations);
+        self::assertFalse($kernel->outcome?->successful);
+        self::assertInstanceOf(\RuntimeException::class, $kernel->outcome?->error);
+    }
+
+    #[Test]
+    #[TestDox('Deferred termination failures do not replace the HTTP response')]
+    public function preservesResponses(): void
+    {
+        $kernel = $this->kernel(new ResponseMiddleware(new Response('accepted', 202)));
+        $kernel->terminationReport = new TerminationReport(
+            failures: [new \RuntimeException('Deferred listener failed.')],
+        );
+
+        $response = (new HttpRuntime($kernel, false))->handle(Request::create('/'));
+
+        self::assertSame(202, $response->getStatusCode());
+        self::assertSame('accepted', $response->getContent());
+    }
+
+    private function kernel(MiddlewareInterface $terminal): RuntimeKernel
+    {
+        return new RuntimeKernel(
+            new RuntimeContainer([
+                TenantMiddleware::class => new PassMiddleware(),
+                FirewallMiddleware::class => new PassMiddleware(),
+                AuthenticationMiddleware::class => new PassMiddleware(),
+                RouterMiddleware::class => $terminal,
+            ]),
+            new TenantContext($this->createStub(TenantService::class)),
+            new IdentityContext(),
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+final class RuntimeKernel implements KernelInterface
+{
+    public bool $active = false;
+    public int $terminations = 0;
+    public ?ExecutionOutcome $outcome = null;
+    public TerminationReport $terminationReport;
+
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly ContainerInterface $services,
+        private readonly TenantContext $tenantContext,
+        private readonly IdentityContext $identityContext,
+    ) {
+        $this->terminationReport = new TerminationReport();
+    }
+
+    public function boot(): void
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function beginExecution(ExecutionDescriptor $descriptor): ExecutionScope
+    {
+        $this->active = true;
+
+        return new ExecutionScope(
+            $descriptor,
+            ExecutionContext::fromDescriptor($descriptor),
+            $this->tenantContext,
+            $this->identityContext,
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function terminateExecution(
+        ExecutionScope $scope,
+        ExecutionOutcome $outcome,
+    ): TerminationReport {
+        $this->active = false;
+        $this->terminations++;
+        $this->outcome = $outcome;
+        $scope->dispose();
+        $scope->markTerminated();
+
+        return $this->terminationReport;
+    }
+
+    public function shutdown(): void
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function container(): ContainerInterface
+    {
+        return $this->services;
+    }
+
+    public function environment(): string
+    {
+        return 'test';
+    }
+
+    public function debug(): bool
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+}
+
+final class RuntimeContainer implements ContainerInterface
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly array $services,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function get(string $id): mixed
+    {
+        return $this->services[$id];
+    }
+
+    public function has(string $id): bool
+    {
+        return isset($this->services[$id]);
+    }
+}
+
+class PassMiddleware implements MiddlewareInterface
+{
+    public function process(Request $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler): Response
+    {
+        return $handler->handle($request);
+    }
+}
+
+final class StreamMiddleware extends PassMiddleware
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly \Closure $active,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function process(Request $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler): Response
+    {
+        return new StreamedResponse(function (): void {
+            echo ($this->active)() ? 'active' : 'terminated';
+        });
+    }
+}
+
+final class ResponseMiddleware extends PassMiddleware
+{
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly Response $response,
+    ) {
+    }
+
+    public function process(Request $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler): Response
+    {
+        return $this->response;
+    }
+}
+
+final class ThrowingMiddleware extends PassMiddleware
+{
+    public function process(Request $request, RequestHandlerInterface $handler): Response
+    {
+        throw new \RuntimeException('HTTP failed.');
+    }
+}